Step 1: Understand that C5H12 is a hydrocarbon with 5 carbon atoms and 12 hydrogen atoms.
Step 2: Recognize that isomers are different structures that have the same molecular formula.
Step 3: Start drawing the straight-chain structure of 5 carbon atoms connected in a line. This is called pentane.
Step 4: Next, create a branched structure by taking one of the carbon atoms from the straight chain and branching it off. This is called isopentane (or 2-methylbutane).
Step 5: Finally, create another branched structure where there are two carbon atoms in the middle and two on the sides. This is called neopentane (or 2,2-dimethylpropane).
Step 6: Count the different structures you have drawn: pentane, isopentane, and neopentane. You have 3 isomers.
Isomerism – Isomerism refers to the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.
Structural Isomers – Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the connectivity of their atoms.
Alkanes – Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2, and C5H12 is a pentane derivative.
