Which of the following groups has both +M and -I effects?
Practice Questions
Q1
Which of the following groups has both +M and -I effects?
-NH2
-NO2
-COOH
-F
Questions & Step-by-Step Solutions
Which of the following groups has both +M and -I effects?
Step 1: Understand what +M and -I effects mean. +M (positive mesomeric) effect refers to the ability of a group to donate electrons through resonance, while -I (negative inductive) effect refers to the ability of a group to withdraw electrons due to its electronegativity.
Step 2: Identify the groups in the question. Look for groups that can show both +M and -I effects.
Step 3: Analyze the -NH2 group. The -NH2 group can donate electrons through resonance, which gives it a +M effect.
Step 4: Check the electronegativity of the -NH2 group. The nitrogen atom in -NH2 is electronegative, which means it can withdraw electrons, giving it a -I effect.
Step 5: Conclude that the -NH2 group has both +M and -I effects.
