Step 1: Understand what a substituent is. A substituent is a group of atoms that replaces a hydrogen atom in a molecule.
Step 2: Learn about +M directors. +M stands for 'positive mesomeric effect', which means these groups can donate electron density to the rest of the molecule.
Step 3: Identify the -OH group. The -OH group is known as a hydroxyl group.
Step 4: Recognize that the -OH group can donate electrons. It has lone pairs of electrons that can be shared with the rest of the molecule.
Step 5: Understand resonance. Resonance is when electrons are shared between atoms in a way that stabilizes the molecule.
Step 6: Conclude that because the -OH group can donate electron density through resonance, it is classified as a strong +M director.
