Which of the following haloalkanes is most reactive towards nucleophilic substit

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Question: Which of the following haloalkanes is most reactive towards nucleophilic substitution?

Options:

Correct Answer: 3-bromopropane

Solution:

3-bromopropane is more reactive due to the stability of the tertiary carbocation formed during the reaction.

Which of the following haloalkanes is most reactive towards nucleophilic substitution?

Which of the following haloalkanes is most reactive towards nucleophilic substitution?

Step 1: Understand what haloalkanes are. Haloalkanes are organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and halogen atoms (like bromine).
Step 2: Know what nucleophilic substitution means. It is a reaction where a nucleophile (a species that donates an electron pair) replaces a halogen in a haloalkane.
Step 3: Identify the types of haloalkanes. There are primary, secondary, and tertiary haloalkanes based on the carbon atom that is attached to the halogen.
Step 4: Learn about carbocation stability. Tertiary carbocations (where the carbon is attached to three other carbon atoms) are more stable than secondary or primary carbocations.
Step 5: Recognize that more stable carbocations lead to faster reactions in nucleophilic substitution. This means that haloalkanes that can form stable tertiary carbocations will be more reactive.
Step 6: Compare the haloalkanes given in the question. If 3-bromopropane is a tertiary haloalkane, it will be more reactive than primary or secondary haloalkanes.
Step 7: Conclude that 3-bromopropane is the most reactive towards nucleophilic substitution because it forms a stable tertiary carbocation during the reaction.

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