In which of the following compounds does the central atom have sp3d hybridizatio

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Question: In which of the following compounds does the central atom have sp3d hybridization?

Options:

Correct Answer: PCl5

Solution:

In PCl5, the phosphorus atom is sp3d hybridized, allowing it to form five P-Cl bonds.

In which of the following compounds does the central atom have sp3d hybridization?

In which of the following compounds does the central atom have sp3d hybridization?

Step 1: Understand what hybridization means. Hybridization is the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals.
Step 2: Identify the central atom in the given compound. In PCl5, the central atom is phosphorus (P).
Step 3: Determine the number of bonds and lone pairs around the central atom. PCl5 has five chlorine (Cl) atoms bonded to phosphorus.
Step 4: Count the total number of regions of electron density around the central atom. In PCl5, there are five P-Cl bonds and no lone pairs, giving a total of five regions.
Step 5: Identify the type of hybridization based on the number of regions of electron density. Five regions correspond to sp3d hybridization.
Step 6: Conclude that in PCl5, the phosphorus atom is sp3d hybridized, allowing it to form five P-Cl bonds.

Hybridization – The concept of hybridization involves the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals, which can explain the geometry and bonding of molecules.
Molecular Geometry – Understanding the geometry of molecules based on the number of bonds and lone pairs around the central atom, which is influenced by hybridization.
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory – A theory used to predict the geometry of individual molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs in the valence shell.