What is the main product of the nitration of benzene?

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Question: What is the main product of the nitration of benzene?

Options:

Correct Answer: Nitrobenzene

Solution:

The nitration of benzene typically produces nitrobenzene as the main product through electrophilic substitution.

What is the main product of the nitration of benzene?

What is the main product of the nitration of benzene?

Step 1: Understand that nitration is a chemical reaction where a nitro group (NO2) is added to a molecule.
Step 2: Know that benzene is a special type of hydrocarbon with a ring structure.
Step 3: Recognize that during nitration, benzene reacts with a mixture of nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
Step 4: Identify that the nitro group (NO2) is an electrophile, which means it is attracted to the electrons in the benzene ring.
Step 5: Realize that the benzene ring undergoes a reaction called electrophilic substitution, where one hydrogen atom on the benzene is replaced by the nitro group.
Step 6: Conclude that the main product of this reaction is nitrobenzene, which has the formula C6H5NO2.

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