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In a closed system, if 100 J of heat is added to a gas and it does 40 J of work,

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Question: In a closed system, if 100 J of heat is added to a gas and it does 40 J of work, what is the change in internal energy (ΔU) according to the first law of thermodynamics?

Options:

  1. 60 J
  2. 40 J
  3. 100 J
  4. 140 J

Correct Answer: 60 J

Solution: 

ΔU = Q - W = 100 J - 40 J = 60 J.

In a closed system, if 100 J of heat is added to a gas and it does 40 J of work,

Practice Questions

Q1
In a closed system, if 100 J of heat is added to a gas and it does 40 J of work, what is the change in internal energy (ΔU) according to the first law of thermodynamics?
  1. 60 J
  2. 40 J
  3. 100 J
  4. 140 J

Questions & Step-by-Step Solutions

In a closed system, if 100 J of heat is added to a gas and it does 40 J of work, what is the change in internal energy (ΔU) according to the first law of thermodynamics?
  • Step 1: Understand the first law of thermodynamics, which states that the change in internal energy (ΔU) of a system is equal to the heat added to the system (Q) minus the work done by the system (W).
  • Step 2: Identify the values given in the problem: Q = 100 J (heat added) and W = 40 J (work done by the gas).
  • Step 3: Use the formula ΔU = Q - W to find the change in internal energy.
  • Step 4: Substitute the values into the formula: ΔU = 100 J - 40 J.
  • Step 5: Calculate the result: ΔU = 60 J.
  • First Law of Thermodynamics – The first law states that the change in internal energy (ΔU) of a closed system is equal to the heat added to the system (Q) minus the work done by the system (W).
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