Depth can be created by including elements at different distances from the camera, which helps to create a sense of three-dimensionality in the image.

Changing the aperture from f/8 to f/4 increases exposure by allowing more light to enter the camera.

Increasing the aperture size (lower f-stop number) decreases the depth of field, resulting in a blurrier background.

A small aperture increases depth of field, allowing more of the scene to be in focus, which is desirable in landscape photography.

ISO measures the sensitivity of the camera's sensor to light. A higher ISO allows for better performance in low light conditions.

Aperture controls the amount of light that enters the camera, affecting exposure and depth of field.

Bokeh refers to the quality of the out-of-focus areas in an image, often used to create a pleasing background effect.

Depth of field refers to the range of distance that appears acceptably sharp in an image, influenced by aperture, focal length, and distance to the subject.

Framing involves using elements in the scene, such as branches or windows, to create a 'frame' around the subject, drawing attention to it.

A higher ISO setting increases image brightness but also increases noise, leading to grainier images.

ISO measures the sensitivity of the camera sensor to light, affecting exposure and noise levels.

The 'golden hour' refers to the time just after sunrise and just before sunset, known for its soft, warm light.

Using fill flash helps to illuminate the subject's face and reduce harsh shadows caused by bright sunlight.

Backlighting can create a silhouette effect, emphasizing the subject's shape against a bright background.

Using a low ISO setting in bright conditions reduces the risk of overexposure and maintains image quality.

A shallow depth of field blurs the background while keeping the subject in focus, helping to isolate it and draw attention.

A wide-angle lens exaggerates the sense of depth, making foreground objects appear larger and background objects smaller.

The golden ratio is a mathematical ratio, approximately 1.618, that is often used to create visually appealing compositions by placing subjects at specific points.

The golden hour, shortly after sunrise or before sunset, provides soft, warm light that is ideal for portraits.

A wide-angle lens captures a broader view of the landscape, making it ideal for expansive scenes.

The histogram displays the exposure levels of an image, helping photographers assess whether an image is properly exposed.

The primary goal of composition is to arrange elements in a way that creates a visually appealing and effective image that communicates the intended message.

A fast shutter speed is used to freeze fast-moving subjects, preventing motion blur.

A reflector is used to bounce light onto the subject, filling in shadows and creating a more balanced exposure.

A polarizing filter is used to reduce glare and reflections from surfaces like water and glass.

An ND filter reduces the amount of light entering the lens, allowing for longer exposures without overexposing the image.

Negative space refers to the area around and between the subject(s) in a photo, and it helps to create balance and emphasize the main subject.

Faster shutter speeds freeze motion, while slower speeds can create motion blur.

The rule of thirds involves dividing the frame into nine equal parts using two horizontal and two vertical lines, and placing the subject along these lines or their intersections.

An aperture of f/2.8 allows the most light to enter the camera, making it ideal for low light situations.