The letters are converted to their positions in the alphabet: C(3) + A(1) + T(20) = 3120. Similarly, D(4) + O(15) + G(7) = 4157.

Both pairs represent animals, and 'BIRD' is another type of animal that is commonly associated with 'FISH'.

The relationship is that both pairs are animals and objects. Following the same pattern, 'PEN' relates to 'POT' as both are common nouns.

The pattern involves reversing the last two letters of the word. Thus, 'BIRD' becomes 'DBRI'.

The word 'PENCIL' is reversed to form 'CILNEP'. Therefore, 'BOOK' reversed is 'KOOB'.

A is a brother of B, and since C is a sister of B, A is also a brother to C.

C is explicitly stated to be neither a doctor nor a lawyer, making option 3 true.

Both A and B hold different professions, thus they are both professionals.

Since A is older than B and B is older than C, C is the youngest.

Since A is taller than B and B is shorter than C, it follows that C must be taller than A.

Since A is taller than B and B is shorter than C, it logically follows that C must be taller than A.

A and C are siblings since they share the same parents.

A is the brother of B, and since C is the sister of B, A is also the brother of C.

A is the sister of B, and since B is the brother of C, A is also the sister of C.

The relationship between A and B does not provide information about the relationship between C and D.

If A is north of B and C is east of B, then A is to the northwest of C.

The train travels for 2 hours at 60 km/h, covering 120 km.

In 2 hours, the first train travels 120 miles and the second train travels 160 miles, making them 280 miles apart.

After 1 hour, the southbound train will have traveled 60 miles and the northbound train 80 miles, making them 60 + 80 = 140 miles apart.

Since penguins are a type of bird and not all birds can fly, it follows that no penguins can fly.

Since all cats are mammals and some mammals are not dogs, it follows that some cats must also not be dogs.

Since all cats are mammals and some mammals are not dogs, it follows that some cats cannot be dogs.

The statement does not provide enough information to conclude that some roses fade quickly.

Since not all flowers are roses, it is possible that some flowers are not roses.

Since not all flowers are roses, it is possible that some flowers are not roses.

Assuming the code corresponds to the position of letters in the alphabet (C=3, A=1, T=20), D=4, O=15, G=7 gives '4157'.

The letters are replaced by their position in the alphabet: D=4, O=15, G=7, thus DOG=4157.

The code corresponds to the position of letters in the alphabet: D=4, O=15, G=7, so the code is 4157.

Each letter in 'WATER' is shifted by +1 to get 'XBTFS'. Applying the same shift to 'FIRE' gives 'GJTF'.

If the day after tomorrow is Friday, then today is Tuesday.