Transformers: Essential Study Materials for Competitive Exams

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Transformers MCQ & Objective Questions

Understanding Transformers is crucial for students preparing for school exams and competitive tests. This topic not only forms a significant part of the syllabus but also helps in grasping fundamental concepts in physics and electrical engineering. Practicing MCQs and objective questions on Transformers can enhance your exam preparation, boost your confidence, and improve your chances of scoring better in important exams.

What You Will Practise Here

Basic concepts of Transformers and their working principles
Types of Transformers: Step-up and Step-down
Key formulas related to voltage, current, and turns ratio
Efficiency and losses in Transformers
Applications of Transformers in daily life and industry
Diagrams illustrating Transformer construction and operation
Numerical problems based on Transformers

Exam Relevance

The topic of Transformers is frequently featured in CBSE, State Boards, NEET, and JEE exams. Students can expect questions that test their understanding of the basic principles, calculations involving formulas, and real-life applications. Common question patterns include direct MCQs, numerical problems, and conceptual questions that require a deep understanding of the topic.

Common Mistakes Students Make

Confusing the types of Transformers and their functions
Misapplying formulas related to turns ratio and efficiency
Overlooking the significance of losses in Transformers
Failing to interpret diagrams correctly

FAQs

Question: What are the main types of Transformers?
Answer: The main types of Transformers are Step-up Transformers, which increase voltage, and Step-down Transformers, which decrease voltage.

Question: How do I calculate the efficiency of a Transformer?
Answer: The efficiency of a Transformer can be calculated using the formula: Efficiency = (Output Power / Input Power) x 100.

Now is the time to enhance your understanding of Transformers! Dive into our practice MCQs and test your knowledge to excel in your exams. Remember, consistent practice is key to mastering this important topic!

Q. In a step-up transformer, the number of turns in the primary coil is:

A. Greater than the secondary coil
B. Less than the secondary coil
C. Equal to the secondary coil
D. None of the above

Solution

In a step-up transformer, the primary coil has fewer turns than the secondary coil.

Correct Answer: B — Less than the secondary coil

Q. In a transformer, the turns ratio determines what?

A. The efficiency of the transformer
B. The frequency of the output signal
C. The voltage transformation ratio
D. The power rating of the transformer

Solution

The turns ratio of a transformer determines the voltage transformation ratio.

Correct Answer: C — The voltage transformation ratio

Q. What happens to the current in a step-down transformer?

A. It increases
B. It decreases
C. It remains the same
D. It becomes zero

Solution

In a step-down transformer, the current increases while the voltage decreases.

Correct Answer: A — It increases

Q. What happens to the current in the secondary winding of a step-down transformer?

A. It increases
B. It decreases
C. It remains the same
D. It becomes zero

Solution

In a step-down transformer, the current in the secondary winding increases as the voltage decreases, maintaining power balance.

Correct Answer: A — It increases

Q. What happens to the current in the secondary winding of a transformer if the load resistance decreases?

A. It increases
B. It decreases
C. It remains constant
D. It becomes zero

Solution

If the load resistance decreases, the current in the secondary winding of a transformer increases.

Correct Answer: A — It increases

Q. What is the basic principle of operation of a transformer?

A. Electromagnetic induction
B. Capacitance
C. Resistance
D. Thermal conduction

Solution

Transformers operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Correct Answer: A — Electromagnetic induction

Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of turns in the primary winding of a transformer?

A. Increases the output current
B. Decreases the output voltage
C. Increases the output voltage
D. Has no effect on the output

Solution

Increasing the number of turns in the primary winding increases the output voltage in a step-up transformer.

Correct Answer: C — Increases the output voltage

Q. What is the efficiency of an ideal transformer?

A. 0%
B. 50%
C. 100%
D. 75%

Solution

An ideal transformer has an efficiency of 100%, meaning no energy is lost.

Correct Answer: C — 100%

Q. What is the main disadvantage of using a transformer?

A. High cost
B. Size and weight
C. Limited frequency response
D. Low efficiency

Solution

One of the main disadvantages of using a transformer is its size and weight, especially for high power applications.

Correct Answer: B — Size and weight

Q. What is the primary winding of a transformer connected to?

A. A load
B. A power source
C. A capacitor
D. A resistor

Solution

The primary winding of a transformer is connected to a power source, which provides the input voltage.

Correct Answer: B — A power source

Q. What is the principle of operation of a transformer?

A. Electromagnetic induction
B. Capacitance
C. Resistance heating
D. Thermal conduction

Solution

Transformers operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where a changing magnetic field induces voltage in a coil.

Correct Answer: A — Electromagnetic induction

Q. What is the relationship between primary and secondary voltage in a transformer?

A. V1/V2 = N1/N2
B. V1/V2 = N2/N1
C. V1 + V2 = N1 + N2
D. V1 - V2 = N1 - N2

Solution

The relationship between primary and secondary voltage is given by V1/V2 = N1/N2, where N is the number of turns.

Correct Answer: A — V1/V2 = N1/N2

Q. What is the role of the magnetic field in a transformer?

A. To store energy
B. To induce voltage in the secondary winding
C. To dissipate heat
D. To filter signals

Solution

The magnetic field in a transformer is crucial for inducing voltage in the secondary winding through electromagnetic induction.

Correct Answer: B — To induce voltage in the secondary winding

Q. What is the term for the loss of energy in a transformer due to heat?

A. Copper loss
B. Iron loss
C. Stray loss
D. Hysteresis loss

Solution

Iron loss refers to the energy lost in a transformer due to heat in the core material.

Correct Answer: B — Iron loss

Q. What type of core material is commonly used in transformers?

A. Air
B. Copper
C. Silicon steel
D. Aluminum

Solution

Silicon steel is commonly used as the core material in transformers due to its magnetic properties.

Correct Answer: C — Silicon steel

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