Current, Resistance and Ohm's Law - Exam Prep Insights

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Current, Resistance and Ohms Law - Electric Field Problems

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Current, Resistance and Ohms Law - Electric Field Problems MCQ & Objective Questions

The topic of "Current, Resistance and Ohms Law - Electric Field Problems" is crucial for students preparing for various school and competitive exams in India. Mastering this area not only enhances conceptual clarity but also boosts confidence in tackling objective questions. Practicing MCQs and important questions helps students identify their strengths and weaknesses, ultimately leading to better exam performance.

What You Will Practise Here

Understanding the fundamental concepts of electric current and resistance.
Applying Ohm's Law to solve various electric field problems.
Calculating equivalent resistance in series and parallel circuits.
Exploring the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
Interpreting circuit diagrams and understanding their components.
Solving numerical problems related to electric power and energy.
Identifying and using key formulas and definitions related to electric fields.

Exam Relevance

This topic is frequently tested in CBSE, State Boards, NEET, and JEE exams. Students can expect questions that assess their understanding of Ohm's Law, calculations involving current and resistance, and practical applications in circuit analysis. Common question patterns include numerical problems, conceptual questions, and diagram-based queries that require a solid grasp of the underlying principles.

Common Mistakes Students Make

Confusing the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in Ohm's Law.
Miscalculating equivalent resistance in complex circuits.
Overlooking units and conversions while solving numerical problems.
Failing to accurately interpret circuit diagrams and their components.
Neglecting to apply the correct formulas in different scenarios.

FAQs

Question: What is Ohm's Law?
Answer: Ohm's Law states that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, provided the temperature remains constant.

Question: How do you calculate equivalent resistance in a parallel circuit?
Answer: The equivalent resistance (R_eq) in a parallel circuit can be calculated using the formula 1/R_eq = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + ... + 1/Rn.

Now is the perfect time to enhance your understanding of "Current, Resistance and Ohms Law - Electric Field Problems". Dive into practice MCQs and test your knowledge to ensure you are well-prepared for your upcoming exams!

Q. A circuit has a total voltage of 12V and a total resistance of 3 ohms. What is the total current in the circuit?

A. 4 A
B. 3 A
C. 2 A
D. 1 A

Solution

Using Ohm's Law, I = V/R. Here, I = 12V / 3Ω = 4 A.

Correct Answer: A — 4 A

Q. If a capacitor of 5 microfarads is charged to 20 volts, what is the energy stored in the capacitor?

A. 0.01 J
B. 0.02 J
C. 0.05 J
D. 0.1 J

Solution

The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by U = 0.5 * C * V^2. Here, U = 0.5 * 5 x 10^-6 F * (20^2) = 0.02 J.

Correct Answer: B — 0.02 J

Q. If a circuit has a total resistance of 10 Ω and a current of 2 A, what is the voltage across the circuit?

A. 5 V
B. 10 V
C. 20 V
D. 15 V

Solution

Using Ohm's Law: V = I * R = 2 A * 10 Ω = 20 V.

Correct Answer: C — 20 V

Q. If a resistor of 10 ohms is connected to a 5V battery, what is the current flowing through the resistor?

A. 0.5 A
B. 1 A
C. 2 A
D. 0.2 A

Solution

Using Ohm's Law, I = V/R. Here, I = 5V / 10Ω = 0.5 A.

Correct Answer: B — 1 A

Q. If two capacitors of 4 µF and 6 µF are connected in parallel, what is the total capacitance?

A. 10 µF
B. 24 µF
C. 2.4 µF
D. 12 µF

Solution

C_eq = C1 + C2 = 4 µF + 6 µF = 10 µF.

Correct Answer: A — 10 µF

Q. In a parallel circuit with two resistors of 6 ohms and 12 ohms, what is the equivalent resistance?

A. 4 ohms
B. 8 ohms
C. 2 ohms
D. 3 ohms

Solution

For parallel resistors, 1/R_eq = 1/R1 + 1/R2. Here, 1/R_eq = 1/6 + 1/12 = 2/12 + 1/12 = 3/12, so R_eq = 4 ohms.

Correct Answer: A — 4 ohms

Q. What is the current flowing through a 20 Ω resistor when a voltage of 100 V is applied?

A. 5 A
B. 10 A
C. 15 A
D. 20 A

Solution

Using Ohm's Law: I = V / R = 100 V / 20 Ω = 5 A.

Correct Answer: B — 10 A

Q. What is the current through a 15 ohm resistor connected to a 45V source?

A. 3 A
B. 2 A
C. 1 A
D. 4 A

Solution

Using Ohm's Law, I = V/R. Here, I = 45V / 15Ω = 3 A.

Correct Answer: A — 3 A

Q. What is the electric field (E) at a distance of 2 meters from a point charge of 5 microcoulombs?

A. 1125 N/C
B. 450 N/C
C. 225 N/C
D. 900 N/C

Solution

Using Coulomb's law, E = k * |q| / r^2, where k = 8.99 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2, q = 5 x 10^-6 C, and r = 2 m. E = (8.99 x 10^9) * (5 x 10^-6) / (2^2) = 1125 N/C.

Correct Answer: A — 1125 N/C

Q. What is the electric field strength between two parallel plates separated by 0.1 m with a potential difference of 100 V?

A. 1000 N/C
B. 500 N/C
C. 100 N/C
D. 2000 N/C

Solution

The electric field (E) is given by E = V/d. Here, E = 100V / 0.1m = 1000 N/C.

Correct Answer: A — 1000 N/C

Q. What is the equivalent resistance of three resistors of 4 ohms, 6 ohms, and 12 ohms connected in series?

A. 22 ohms
B. 12 ohms
C. 10 ohms
D. 8 ohms

Solution

In series, R_eq = R1 + R2 + R3 = 4Ω + 6Ω + 12Ω = 22Ω.

Correct Answer: A — 22 ohms

Q. What is the force between two charges of +2 µC and -3 µC separated by a distance of 0.5 m?

A. -1.08 N
B. -0.72 N
C. 1.08 N
D. 0.72 N

Solution

Using Coulomb's law: F = k * |q1 * q2| / r^2 = (8.99 x 10^9 N m²/C²) * |(2 x 10^-6 C) * (-3 x 10^-6 C)| / (0.5 m)^2 = -1.08 N.

Correct Answer: A — -1.08 N

Q. What is the force between two charges of 1 microcoulomb each, separated by a distance of 0.5 meters?

A. 0.36 N
B. 0.72 N
C. 0.18 N
D. 0.09 N

Solution

Using Coulomb's law, F = k * |q1 * q2| / r^2. Here, F = (8.99 x 10^9) * (1 x 10^-6)^2 / (0.5^2) = 0.36 N.

Correct Answer: A — 0.36 N

Q. What is the potential difference across a capacitor of 2 microfarads charged to 10 volts?

A. 20 mC
B. 0.02 C
C. 0.02 mC
D. 0.2 C

Solution

The charge (Q) on a capacitor is given by Q = C * V. Here, Q = 2 x 10^-6 F * 10 V = 20 x 10^-6 C = 20 mC.

Correct Answer: A — 20 mC

Q. What is the potential difference across a capacitor of 5 µF charged to 12 V?

A. 0.06 C
B. 0.06 J
C. 0.06 V
D. 0.06 F

Solution

The energy stored in a capacitor is U = 0.5 * C * V^2 = 0.5 * 5 x 10^-6 F * (12 V)^2 = 0.36 J.

Correct Answer: B — 0.06 J

Q. What is the total current in a circuit with a 12 V battery and a total resistance of 4 Ω?

A. 3 A
B. 4 A
C. 6 A
D. 2 A

Solution

Using Ohm's Law: I = V / R = 12 V / 4 Ω = 3 A.

Correct Answer: C — 6 A

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