Physics (School & Undergraduate)

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Physics (School & Undergraduate)

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Physics (School & Undergraduate) MCQ & Objective Questions

Physics is a fundamental subject that plays a crucial role in school and undergraduate exams. Mastering Physics concepts not only enhances your understanding of the universe but also significantly boosts your exam scores. Practicing MCQs and objective questions helps you identify important topics and improves your problem-solving skills, making it an essential part of your exam preparation.

What You Will Practise Here

Newton's Laws of Motion and their applications
Work, Energy, and Power concepts and formulas
Waves and Sound: Properties and equations
Optics: Reflection, refraction, and lens formulas
Thermodynamics: Laws and key definitions
Electromagnetism: Basics of electric fields and circuits
Modern Physics: Introduction to quantum mechanics and relativity

Exam Relevance

Physics is a significant part of the curriculum for CBSE, State Boards, NEET, and JEE exams. Questions often focus on conceptual understanding and application of formulas. Common patterns include numerical problems, theoretical questions, and diagram-based queries. Familiarizing yourself with these patterns through practice is vital for success in these competitive exams.

Common Mistakes Students Make

Misunderstanding the application of Newton's Laws in different scenarios
Confusing work done with energy concepts
Overlooking the importance of units and dimensions in calculations
Neglecting to draw diagrams for problems related to optics and mechanics
Failing to relate theoretical concepts to practical examples

FAQs

Question: What are some effective ways to prepare for Physics MCQs?
Answer: Regular practice of MCQs, understanding key concepts, and revising important formulas are effective strategies for preparation.

Question: How can I improve my problem-solving speed in Physics exams?
Answer: Practice timed quizzes and focus on solving a variety of problems to enhance your speed and accuracy.

Don't wait any longer! Start solving practice MCQs today to test your understanding and boost your confidence in Physics. Remember, consistent practice is the key to mastering important Physics (School & Undergraduate) questions for exams.

Electrostatics & Circuits Heat & Thermodynamics Mechanics Modern Physics Waves & Optics

Q. A 0.5 kg soccer ball is kicked, resulting in a change in velocity from 0 m/s to 10 m/s. What is the impulse given to the ball?

A. 5 Ns
B. 10 Ns
C. 2.5 Ns
D. 1 Ns

Solution

Impulse (J) = mass (m) × change in velocity (Δv) = 0.5 kg × (10 m/s - 0 m/s) = 5 Ns.

Correct Answer: A — 5 Ns

Q. A 1 kg object moving at 5 m/s collides with a stationary object. If the collision is perfectly elastic, what is the final momentum of the system?

A. 5 kg·m/s
B. 0 kg·m/s
C. 10 kg·m/s
D. 2.5 kg·m/s

Solution

In a perfectly elastic collision, momentum is conserved. Initial momentum = 1 kg × 5 m/s = 5 kg·m/s.

Correct Answer: A — 5 kg·m/s

Q. A 10 kg object is dropped from a height of 20 m. What is its speed just before it hits the ground? (Assume no air resistance)

A. 10 m/s
B. 14 m/s
C. 20 m/s
D. 28 m/s

Solution

Using conservation of energy: Potential Energy = Kinetic Energy. mgh = 0.5mv². v = sqrt(2gh) = sqrt(2 × 9.8 m/s² × 20 m) = 20 m/s.

Correct Answer: C — 20 m/s

Q. A 15 kg box is pushed with a force of 30 N. What is the box's acceleration?

A. 1 m/s²
B. 2 m/s²
C. 3 m/s²
D. 4 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, we find acceleration: a = F/m = 30 N / 15 kg = 2 m/s².

Correct Answer: C — 3 m/s²

Q. A 2 kg block is pulled with a force of 10 N. What is the frictional force if the block accelerates at 3 m/s²?

A. 4 N
B. 6 N
C. 10 N
D. 8 N

Solution

Net force = mass * acceleration = 2 kg * 3 m/s² = 6 N. The applied force is 10 N, so frictional force = applied force - net force = 10 N - 6 N = 4 N.

Correct Answer: B — 6 N

Q. A 2 kg object moving at 10 m/s collides with a 3 kg object at rest. What is the total momentum before the collision?

A. 20 kg·m/s
B. 10 kg·m/s
C. 30 kg·m/s
D. 15 kg·m/s

Solution

Total momentum = momentum of 2 kg object + momentum of 3 kg object = (2 kg × 10 m/s) + (3 kg × 0 m/s) = 20 kg·m/s.

Correct Answer: A — 20 kg·m/s

Q. A 3 kg object is moving with a momentum of 12 kg·m/s. What is its velocity?

A. 4 m/s
B. 3 m/s
C. 2 m/s
D. 1 m/s

Solution

Momentum (p) = mass (m) × velocity (v) => velocity (v) = p/m = 12 kg·m/s / 3 kg = 4 m/s.

Correct Answer: A — 4 m/s

Q. A 3 kg object is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. What is its momentum?

A. 15 kg·m/s
B. 30 kg·m/s
C. 10 kg·m/s
D. 5 kg·m/s

Solution

Momentum = mass × velocity = 3 kg × 10 m/s = 30 kg·m/s.

Correct Answer: B — 30 kg·m/s

Q. A 4 kg object is moving at 6 m/s. If it collides with a wall and comes to a stop, what is the impulse experienced by the object?

A. 24 Ns
B. 12 Ns
C. 6 Ns
D. 30 Ns

Solution

Impulse (J) = change in momentum = mass (m) × change in velocity (Δv) = 4 kg × (0 - 6 m/s) = -24 Ns.

Correct Answer: A — 24 Ns

Q. A 5 kg object is moving at a velocity of 3 m/s. What is its momentum?

A. 15 kg·m/s
B. 5 kg·m/s
C. 3 kg·m/s
D. 10 kg·m/s

Solution

Momentum (p) = mass (m) × velocity (v) = 5 kg × 3 m/s = 15 kg·m/s.

Correct Answer: A — 15 kg·m/s

Q. A ball is dropped from a height of 45 meters. How long will it take to hit the ground? (Assume g = 9.8 m/s²)

A. 2 s
B. 3 s
C. 4 s
D. 5 s

Solution

Using the formula t = √(2h/g), where h = 45 m and g = 9.8 m/s², we get t = √(2 * 45 / 9.8) ≈ 3.06 s.

Correct Answer: C — 4 s

Q. A ball is thrown horizontally from a height of 45 m. How long does it take to hit the ground? (Assume g = 9.8 m/s²)

A. 2 s
B. 3 s
C. 4 s
D. 5 s

Solution

Using the formula t = √(2h/g), where h = 45 m and g = 9.8 m/s², we get t = √(2 * 45 / 9.8) ≈ 3.03 s.

Correct Answer: C — 4 s

Q. A boat is moving across a river at a speed of 8 km/h, while the river flows at 3 km/h. What is the resultant speed of the boat relative to the riverbank?

A. 5 km/h
B. 8 km/h
C. 9 km/h
D. 11 km/h

Solution

The resultant speed is found using the Pythagorean theorem: √(8^2 + 3^2) = √(64 + 9) = √73 ≈ 8.6 km/h.

Correct Answer: C — 9 km/h

Q. A boat is moving upstream at a speed of 10 km/h in a river that flows downstream at 5 km/h. What is the speed of the boat relative to the riverbank?

A. 5 km/h
B. 10 km/h
C. 15 km/h
D. 0 km/h

Solution

The speed of the boat relative to the riverbank is the speed of the boat minus the speed of the river: 10 km/h - 5 km/h = 5 km/h.

Correct Answer: A — 5 km/h

Q. A capacitor is charged to a voltage of 15 V and then disconnected from the battery. If the capacitance is 3 µF, what is the charge on the capacitor?

A. 45 µC
B. 30 µC
C. 15 µC
D. 60 µC

Solution

Charge (Q) is given by Q = CV. Here, Q = 3 µF * 15 V = 45 µC.

Correct Answer: A — 45 µC

Q. A capacitor is charged to a voltage of 15 V and then disconnected from the power supply. What happens to the charge on the capacitor if the voltage is doubled?

A. Charge doubles
B. Charge halves
C. Charge remains the same
D. Charge becomes zero

Solution

If the voltage is doubled, the charge on the capacitor also doubles, since Q = C * V.

Correct Answer: A — Charge doubles

Q. A capacitor of 10 µF is charged to a voltage of 5 V. What is the energy stored in the capacitor?

A. 0.125 mJ
B. 0.25 mJ
C. 0.5 mJ
D. 1 mJ

Solution

Energy stored, U = 0.5 * C * V² = 0.5 * 10 x 10^-6 F * (5 V)² = 0.125 mJ.

Correct Answer: B — 0.25 mJ

Q. A capacitor with a capacitance of 10μF is charged to a voltage of 5V. What is the charge stored in the capacitor?

A. 10μC
B. 50μC
C. 5μC
D. 100μC

Solution

The charge stored in a capacitor is given by Q = C * V = 10μF * 5V = 50μC.

Correct Answer: B — 50μC

Q. A car accelerates from rest to 20 m/s in 5 seconds. What is the average acceleration?

A. 2 m/s²
B. 4 m/s²
C. 5 m/s²
D. 10 m/s²

Solution

Average acceleration is calculated as (final velocity - initial velocity) / time = (20 m/s - 0 m/s) / 5 s = 4 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 4 m/s²

Q. A car is traveling at 60 km/h on a straight road. If another car is moving in the same direction at 80 km/h, what is the speed of the second car relative to the first car?

A. 20 km/h
B. 60 km/h
C. 80 km/h
D. 140 km/h

Solution

The speed of the second car relative to the first car is 80 km/h - 60 km/h = 20 km/h.

Correct Answer: A — 20 km/h

Q. A car moving at 30 m/s emits a sound of frequency 500 Hz. What frequency does an observer standing still hear as the car approaches?

A. 500 Hz
B. 550 Hz
C. 600 Hz
D. 650 Hz

Solution

Using the Doppler effect formula, f' = f(v + vo) / (v - vs), where v = 340 m/s, vo = 0, vs = 30 m/s, f' = 500(340)/(340 - 30) = 500(340/310) ≈ 548 Hz.

Correct Answer: C — 600 Hz

Q. A car of mass 1000 kg comes to a stop from a speed of 20 m/s. What is the impulse experienced by the car?

A. 20000 Ns
B. 10000 Ns
C. 5000 Ns
D. 40000 Ns

Solution

Impulse (J) = change in momentum = mass (m) × change in velocity (Δv) = 1000 kg × (0 - 20 m/s) = -20000 Ns.

Correct Answer: A — 20000 Ns

Q. A child is riding a bicycle at 5 m/s on a moving bus that travels at 15 m/s in the same direction. What is the child's speed relative to the ground?

A. 10 m/s
B. 15 m/s
C. 20 m/s
D. 5 m/s

Solution

The child's speed relative to the ground is 15 m/s + 5 m/s = 20 m/s.

Correct Answer: C — 20 m/s

Q. A child swings a ball attached to a string in a horizontal circle. If the radius of the circle is 2 m and the ball has a mass of 0.5 kg, what is the tension in the string if the ball moves at a speed of 4 m/s?

A. 2 N
B. 4 N
C. 8 N
D. 10 N

Solution

Tension provides the centripetal force: T = mv²/r = 0.5 kg * (4 m/s)² / 2 m = 8 N.

Correct Answer: C — 8 N

Q. A circuit has a total voltage of 12V and a total resistance of 3 ohms. What is the total current in the circuit?

A. 4 A
B. 3 A
C. 2 A
D. 1 A

Solution

Using Ohm's Law, I = V/R. Here, I = 12V / 3Ω = 4 A.

Correct Answer: A — 4 A

Q. A cyclist accelerates from rest to a speed of 15 m/s in 10 seconds. What is the cyclist's acceleration?

A. 1.5 m/s²
B. 2 m/s²
C. 3 m/s²
D. 4 m/s²

Solution

Acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time = (15 m/s - 0) / 10 s = 1.5 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 2 m/s²

Q. A cyclist is riding at 15 km/h on a road that is moving at 5 km/h in the same direction. What is the cyclist's speed relative to the ground?

A. 10 km/h
B. 15 km/h
C. 20 km/h
D. 5 km/h

Solution

The cyclist's speed relative to the ground is 15 km/h + 5 km/h = 20 km/h.

Correct Answer: C — 20 km/h

Q. A cyclist travels 100 meters in 5 seconds. What is the average speed of the cyclist?

A. 10 m/s
B. 15 m/s
C. 20 m/s
D. 25 m/s

Solution

Average speed = total distance / total time = 100 m / 5 s = 20 m/s.

Correct Answer: A — 10 m/s

Q. A cyclist travels at 15 km/h on a road that is moving at 5 km/h in the same direction. What is the cyclist's speed relative to the road?

A. 10 km/h
B. 15 km/h
C. 20 km/h
D. 5 km/h

Solution

The cyclist's speed relative to the road is simply the speed of the cyclist: 15 km/h.

Correct Answer: B — 15 km/h

Q. A disk is rolling without slipping. If its radius is 0.5 m and it has a linear speed of 2 m/s, what is its angular speed?

A. 2 rad/s
B. 4 rad/s
C. 6 rad/s
D. 8 rad/s

Solution

Using v = rω, we have ω = v/r = 2 m/s / 0.5 m = 4 rad/s.

Correct Answer: B — 4 rad/s

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