The Amines – Preparation & Properties chapter focuses on nitrogen-containing organic compounds derived from ammonia, highlighting how the lone pair on nitrogen influences basicity, structure, and chemical behavior. This topic is essential for Class 11–12 chemistry, undergraduate courses, and competitive examinations, forming a strong bridge between fundamental organic chemistry and biological/industrial applications.
In this section, you will study:
Classification of amines – primary, secondary, tertiary; aliphatic vs aromatic
Nomenclature systems – common and IUPAC
Structure and hybridization of nitrogen
Methods of preparation, including:
Reduction of nitro compounds
Ammonolysis of alkyl halides
Reduction of nitriles and amides
Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
Hoffmann bromamide degradation (introductory)
Physical properties – boiling point, solubility, and hydrogen bonding
Chemical properties related to basicity and nucleophilicity
Comparative basicity of aliphatic vs aromatic amines
Distinguishing tests and qualitative identification
Reaction mechanisms with emphasis on electron pair donation
NCERT-oriented explanations, supported by reaction pathways, tables, and concept maps
The content is designed to build strong conceptual foundations, enable reaction prediction, and enhance problem-solving skills required for board exams, NEET, JEE, CUET-UG, and undergraduate assessments.
A solid understanding of Amines – Preparation & Properties is crucial for mastering advanced organic reactions, pharmaceuticals, dyes, polymers, and biomolecules.
Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of alkyl groups on the basicity of amines?
A.
Increases basicity
B.
Decreases basicity
C.
No effect
D.
Depends on the solvent
Solution
Increasing the number of alkyl groups generally increases the basicity of amines due to the electron-donating effect.
