This chapter explains Werner’s theory of coordination compounds, which laid the foundation for understanding the structure, bonding, and geometry of complex ions. It is a core topic in school and undergraduate chemistry, essential for Class 12 students, competitive exam aspirants, and undergraduate learners, linking classical coordination concepts with modern coordination chemistry.
In this section, you will study:
Historical background and significance of Werner’s theory
Primary and secondary valencies of metal ions
Types of coordination compounds: ionizable and non-ionizable
Structural isomerism in coordination compounds
Coordination number and geometry of complex ions
Werner’s experiments and their interpretations
Limitations and extensions of Werner’s theory
NCERT-aligned explanations, diagrams, MCQs, and exam-oriented questions
The content is structured to build conceptual clarity, improve structural reasoning, and prepare students for school examinations, NEET, JEE, and undergraduate assessments.
Develop a strong foundation in coordination chemistry by mastering Werner’s theory to understand complex formation, bonding patterns, and geometrical arrangements of coordination compounds.
Q. According to Werner's theory, what is the coordination number of a complex with six ligands?
A.
2
B.
4
C.
6
D.
8
Solution
The coordination number is defined as the number of ligands surrounding the central metal atom. In this case, it is 6.
Q. What is the primary concept of Werner's theory of coordination compounds?
A.
The presence of ligands around a central metal ion
B.
The formation of ionic bonds in coordination complexes
C.
The role of oxidation states in coordination chemistry
D.
The geometric arrangement of ligands in a complex
Solution
Werner's theory emphasizes the importance of ligands surrounding a central metal ion, which defines the structure and properties of coordination compounds.
Correct Answer:
A
— The presence of ligands around a central metal ion
Q. What is the significance of the oxidation state of the central metal ion in coordination compounds?
A.
It determines the color of the compound
B.
It affects the coordination number
C.
It influences the stability and reactivity of the complex
D.
It has no significance
Solution
The oxidation state of the central metal ion is crucial as it influences the stability, reactivity, and overall properties of the coordination complex.
Correct Answer:
C
— It influences the stability and reactivity of the complex
Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding Werner's theory?
A.
It only applies to transition metals
B.
It does not consider the geometry of complexes
C.
It explains the formation of coordination compounds
D.
It is outdated and not used in modern chemistry
Solution
Werner's theory is significant as it explains the formation and structure of coordination compounds, making it a foundational concept in coordination chemistry.
Correct Answer:
C
— It explains the formation of coordination compounds
