General Principles of Metallurgy - Problem Set

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The General Principles of Metallurgy – Problem Set section provides a comprehensive collection of graded practice problems designed to reinforce conceptual understanding, thermodynamic reasoning, and process-selection skills. This module is suitable for Class 11–12 students, undergraduate learners, and competitive exam aspirants, helping transform theory into exam-ready problem-solving ability.

In this section, you will practice:

  • Conceptual questions on ore concentration, roasting, calcination, and reduction methods

  • Ellingham diagram–based problems involving stability comparison and extraction feasibility

  • Reduction and refining logic problems – choice of reducing agent and refining technique

  • Reaction-sequence questions tracing metal extraction from ore to pure metal

  • Numerical problems – ΔG calculations, stoichiometry, and Faraday’s law applications

  • Assertion–Reason and multi-correct MCQs aligned with competitive exam patterns

  • Case-based and application-oriented questions

  • Previous Year Questions (PYQs) and exam-style practice problems

Problems are systematically arranged from basic to advanced level, enabling progressive mastery and confidence building.

Regular practice with this problem set will sharpen analytical thinking, speed, and accuracy, making General Principles of Metallurgy a high-scoring topic in school exams, UG assessments, and competitive tests.

Q. What is the main purpose of using a flux in metallurgy?
  • A. To increase the melting point
  • B. To facilitate the reduction of ores
  • C. To remove impurities
  • D. To enhance the color of metals
Q. What is the main purpose of using carbon in the extraction of metals from their oxides?
  • A. To increase temperature
  • B. To act as a catalyst
  • C. To reduce metal oxides
  • D. To form alloys
Q. What is the primary method of extracting copper from its sulfide ores?
  • A. Electrolysis
  • B. Roasting
  • C. Smelting
  • D. Leaching
Q. What is the primary oxidation state of iron in Fe2O3?
  • A. +1
  • B. +2
  • C. +3
  • D. +4
Q. What is the primary role of a leaching agent in metallurgy?
  • A. To oxidize metals
  • B. To dissolve metal ores
  • C. To precipitate metals
  • D. To reduce metal ions
Q. Which of the following acids is commonly used in the leaching process of gold?
  • A. Hydrochloric acid
  • B. Nitric acid
  • C. Sulfuric acid
  • D. Cyanide solution
Q. Which of the following metals is least reactive and can be found in its native state?
  • A. Sodium
  • B. Gold
  • C. Aluminum
  • D. Iron
Q. Which of the following metals is most likely to be extracted using electrolysis?
  • A. Iron
  • B. Aluminum
  • C. Copper
  • D. Zinc
Q. Which of the following metals is most likely to corrode in the presence of moisture?
  • A. Gold
  • B. Platinum
  • C. Iron
  • D. Aluminum
Q. Which of the following processes is used to purify copper?
  • A. Electrolysis
  • B. Roasting
  • C. Calcination
  • D. Smelting
Q. Which of the following statements about coordination compounds is true?
  • A. They always have a positive charge
  • B. They consist of a central metal atom and ligands
  • C. They cannot form isomers
  • D. They are always soluble in water
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