The Intro to Spectroscopy (UV–Vis, IR) section introduces the fundamental principles and applications of spectroscopic techniques used for qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. This module is designed for Class 11–12 students and undergraduate learners, with emphasis on conceptual clarity, spectral interpretation basics, and exam relevance.
In this section, you will study:
Basics of electromagnetic radiation – wavelength, frequency, energy, and spectral regions
Principles of UV–Visible spectroscopy – electronic transitions, Beer–Lambert law, and absorption spectra
Instrumentation (introductory) – light sources, monochromators, detectors, and sample cells
Applications of UV–Vis spectroscopy – concentration determination, reaction monitoring, and color analysis
Principles of Infrared (IR) spectroscopy – molecular vibrations, stretching and bending modes
IR spectral regions and functional group identification
Interpretation of basic UV–Vis and IR spectra – peak position, intensity, and significance
Limitations and sources of error in spectroscopic measurements
NCERT- and UG-aligned explanations, supported by diagrams, spectra examples, MCQs, numericals, and PYQs
The content is structured to build a strong conceptual foundation, develop basic spectrum-reading skills, and prepare students for theory exams, practicals, and viva questions.
Develop a systematic understanding of UV–Vis and IR spectroscopy to master this essential component of modern analytical chemistry.
Q. In IR spectroscopy, what does a peak in the spectrum represent?
A.
Absence of molecular vibrations
B.
Presence of a specific bond or functional group
C.
Temperature of the sample
D.
Concentration of the sample
Solution
A peak in the IR spectrum represents the presence of a specific bond or functional group that absorbs infrared light at characteristic frequencies.
Correct Answer:
B
— Presence of a specific bond or functional group
