General Science (UPSC)

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General Science (UPSC)

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General Science (UPSC) MCQ & Objective Questions

General Science is a crucial subject for students preparing for UPSC exams and various competitive assessments in India. Mastering this subject not only enhances your understanding of fundamental concepts but also significantly boosts your exam scores. Practicing MCQs and objective questions helps you identify important questions and solidify your knowledge, making your exam preparation more effective.

What You Will Practise Here

Fundamental concepts of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology
Key scientific theories and laws
Important formulas and their applications
Definitions of essential scientific terms
Diagrams related to scientific processes and phenomena
Current scientific advancements and their implications
Environmental science and its relevance to daily life

Exam Relevance

General Science is a significant component in various examinations, including CBSE, State Boards, NEET, and JEE. Questions often focus on conceptual understanding and application, with formats ranging from direct MCQs to scenario-based questions. Familiarity with common question patterns can greatly enhance your performance, as many exams emphasize the integration of scientific concepts with real-world applications.

Common Mistakes Students Make

Overlooking the importance of diagrams in understanding concepts
Confusing similar scientific terms and definitions
Neglecting the application of formulas in problem-solving
Relying solely on rote memorization instead of conceptual clarity
Misinterpreting questions due to lack of practice with MCQs

FAQs

Question: What are some effective strategies for solving General Science MCQs?
Answer: Focus on understanding concepts, practice regularly, and review previous years' question papers to identify patterns.

Question: How can I improve my speed in answering objective questions?
Answer: Regular practice with timed quizzes can help enhance your speed and accuracy in answering questions.

Start your journey towards mastering General Science today! Solve practice MCQs to test your understanding and build confidence for your upcoming exams.

Biology Basics Biotechnology Chemistry Basics Physics Basics

Q. A certain enzyme has a specific activity of 50 units/mg. If you have 2 mg of this enzyme, what is the total activity?

A. 50 units
B. 100 units
C. 150 units
D. 200 units

Solution

Total activity = specific activity × amount of enzyme = 50 units/mg × 2 mg = 100 units.

Correct Answer: B — 100 units

Q. If a biotechnologist has 200 mg of a plasmid DNA and needs to prepare a 1:10 dilution, how much diluent should be added?

A. 180 mg
B. 200 mg
C. 1800 mg
D. 2000 mg

Solution

To prepare a 1:10 dilution, you need to add 1800 mg of diluent to 200 mg of plasmid DNA.

Correct Answer: C — 1800 mg

Q. If a biotechnologist needs to culture cells in a 100 mL medium and the cell density is 1 x 10^6 cells/mL, how many cells are in the culture?

A. 1 x 10^5
B. 1 x 10^6
C. 1 x 10^7
D. 1 x 10^8

Solution

Total cells = cell density × volume = 1 x 10^6 cells/mL × 100 mL = 1 x 10^8 cells.

Correct Answer: C — 1 x 10^7

Q. If a car travels at a constant speed of 60 km/h, how far will it travel in 2 hours?

A. 120 km
B. 100 km
C. 150 km
D. 180 km

Solution

Distance = Speed × Time = 60 km/h × 2 h = 120 km.

Correct Answer: A — 120 km

Q. If an object is moving in a circular path with a radius of 10 m and completes one revolution in 20 seconds, what is its speed?

A. 3.14 m/s
B. 1.57 m/s
C. 6.28 m/s
D. 2.5 m/s

Solution

Circumference = 2πr = 2π(10 m) = 62.83 m. Speed = distance/time = 62.83 m / 20 s = 3.14 m/s.

Correct Answer: A — 3.14 m/s

Q. In a fermentation process, if the yield of product is 80 g from 1 kg of substrate, what is the yield percentage?

A. 5%
B. 8%
C. 80%
D. 800%

Solution

Yield percentage = (yield of product / amount of substrate) × 100 = (80 g / 1000 g) × 100 = 8%.

Correct Answer: C — 80%

Q. What is the chemical formula for sodium sulfate?

A. NaSO4
B. Na2SO4
C. Na2S
D. NaSO3

Solution

The correct chemical formula for sodium sulfate is Na2SO4.

Correct Answer: B — Na2SO4

Q. What is the main advantage of using yeast in biotechnology?

A. High growth rate
B. Ability to perform post-translational modifications
C. Low cost of cultivation
D. All of the above

Solution

Yeast has a high growth rate, can perform post-translational modifications, and is relatively low cost to cultivate, making it advantageous in biotechnology.

Correct Answer: D — All of the above

Q. What is the potential energy of a 2 kg object at a height of 5 m? (Use g = 9.8 m/s²)

A. 98 J
B. 19.6 J
C. 39.2 J
D. 49 J

Solution

Potential energy PE = mgh = 2 kg × 9.8 m/s² × 5 m = 98 J.

Correct Answer: A — 98 J

Q. What is the primary purpose of recombinant DNA technology in biotechnology?

A. To create genetically modified organisms
B. To clone animals
C. To produce vaccines
D. To sequence genomes

Solution

Recombinant DNA technology is primarily used to create genetically modified organisms by combining DNA from different sources.

Correct Answer: A — To create genetically modified organisms

Q. What is the role of CRISPR technology in biotechnology?

A. Protein synthesis
B. Gene editing
C. Cell culture
D. Fermentation

Solution

CRISPR technology is primarily used for gene editing, allowing precise modifications to DNA.

Correct Answer: B — Gene editing

Q. What process do cells use to divide and replicate?

A. Meiosis
B. Mitosis
C. Fission
D. Budding

Solution

Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells.

Correct Answer: B — Mitosis

Q. Which of the following is a common method for gene transfer in plants?

A. Microinjection
B. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
C. Electroporation
D. Lipofection

Solution

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is a widely used method for gene transfer in plants.

Correct Answer: B — Agrobacterium-mediated transformation

Q. Which of the following is a component of the cell membrane?

A. DNA
B. RNA
C. Phospholipids
D. Proteins

Solution

Phospholipids are a major component of the cell membrane, forming a bilayer that provides structure and protection.

Correct Answer: C — Phospholipids

Q. Which of the following is NOT a method of DNA sequencing?

A. Sanger sequencing
B. Next-generation sequencing
C. PCR amplification
D. Nanopore sequencing

Solution

PCR amplification is a method used to amplify DNA, not to sequence it.

Correct Answer: C — PCR amplification

Q. Which structure contains the genetic material of a cell?

A. Cytoplasm
B. Nucleus
C. Cell membrane
D. Golgi apparatus

Solution

The nucleus contains the genetic material (DNA) of a cell, which is essential for heredity and cellular function.

Correct Answer: B — Nucleus

Q. Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?

A. Eukaryotic cell
B. Prokaryotic cell
C. Stem cell
D. Muscle cell

Solution

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a defined nucleus containing their genetic material.

Correct Answer: B — Prokaryotic cell

Q. Which vitamin is produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight?

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D

Solution

Vitamin D is produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight.

Correct Answer: D — Vitamin D

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