Q. The mantle of the Earth is mainly composed of which type of rock? (2019)
-
A.
Igneous
-
B.
Sedimentary
-
C.
Metamorphic
-
D.
Basaltic
Solution
The mantle is primarily composed of silicate minerals, which are classified as igneous rocks.
Correct Answer:
A
— Igneous
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Q. The Mohorovičić discontinuity separates which two layers of the Earth? (2023)
-
A.
Crust and Mantle
-
B.
Mantle and Outer Core
-
C.
Outer Core and Inner Core
-
D.
Crust and Outer Core
Solution
The Mohorovičić discontinuity, or Moho, separates the Earth's crust from the underlying mantle.
Correct Answer:
A
— Crust and Mantle
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Q. What is the approximate depth of the Earth's mantle?
-
A.
Up to 700 km
-
B.
Up to 2,900 km
-
C.
Up to 5,000 km
-
D.
Up to 6,371 km
Solution
The mantle extends from the base of the crust to about 2,900 km deep.
Correct Answer:
B
— Up to 2,900 km
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Q. What is the approximate depth of the Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho)?
-
A.
5 km
-
B.
10 km
-
C.
30 km
-
D.
50 km
Solution
The Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho) is located at an average depth of about 30 km beneath the Earth's surface.
Correct Answer:
C
— 30 km
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Q. What is the approximate temperature at the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle? (2020)
-
A.
200°C
-
B.
500°C
-
C.
1,000°C
-
D.
1,500°C
Solution
The temperature at the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle is approximately 1,000°C.
Correct Answer:
C
— 1,000°C
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Q. What is the approximate temperature at the Earth's inner core? (2023)
-
A.
4000°C
-
B.
5000°C
-
C.
6000°C
-
D.
7000°C
Solution
The temperature at the Earth's inner core is estimated to be around 5000°C to 6000°C.
Correct Answer:
C
— 6000°C
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Q. What is the approximate temperature range of the Earth's mantle? (2020)
-
A.
200-400 °C
-
B.
500-900 °C
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C.
1,000-3,000 °C
-
D.
3,000-5,000 °C
Solution
The temperature of the Earth's mantle ranges from about 1,000 °C to 3,000 °C as you go deeper.
Correct Answer:
C
— 1,000-3,000 °C
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Q. What is the approximate temperature range of the Earth's outer core? (2020)
-
A.
1,000 - 2,000 °C
-
B.
2,000 - 4,000 °C
-
C.
4,000 - 6,000 °C
-
D.
6,000 - 8,000 °C
Solution
The temperature of the Earth's outer core ranges from approximately 4,000 to 6,000 degrees Celsius.
Correct Answer:
C
— 4,000 - 6,000 °C
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Q. What is the approximate thickness of the Earth's crust? (2021)
-
A.
5-10 km
-
B.
30-50 km
-
C.
70-100 km
-
D.
100-150 km
Solution
The Earth's crust varies in thickness, averaging about 30-50 km under continents and about 5-10 km under oceans.
Correct Answer:
B
— 30-50 km
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Q. What is the average density of the Earth? (2020)
-
A.
2.5 g/cm³
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B.
5.5 g/cm³
-
C.
7.5 g/cm³
-
D.
9.5 g/cm³
Solution
The average density of the Earth is about 5.5 g/cm³, which is higher than the density of the crust.
Correct Answer:
B
— 5.5 g/cm³
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Q. What is the estimated temperature at the Earth's inner core?
-
A.
4000°C
-
B.
5000°C
-
C.
6000°C
-
D.
7000°C
Solution
The temperature at the Earth's inner core is estimated to be around 6000°C.
Correct Answer:
C
— 6000°C
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Q. What is the main component of the Earth's mantle? (2019)
-
A.
Silicate minerals
-
B.
Iron
-
C.
Nickel
-
D.
Water
Solution
The Earth's mantle is mainly composed of silicate minerals, which include olivine and pyroxene.
Correct Answer:
A
— Silicate minerals
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Q. What is the primary component of the Earth's crust? (2021)
-
A.
Iron
-
B.
Silicon
-
C.
Oxygen
-
D.
Aluminum
Solution
The Earth's crust is primarily composed of oxygen, which combines with silicon to form silicate minerals.
Correct Answer:
C
— Oxygen
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Q. What is the primary composition of the Earth's crust? (2022)
-
A.
Basalt and granite
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B.
Iron and nickel
-
C.
Silicate minerals
-
D.
Water and gases
Solution
The Earth's crust is primarily composed of basalt (oceanic crust) and granite (continental crust).
Correct Answer:
A
— Basalt and granite
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Q. What is the primary composition of the Earth's inner core?
-
A.
Solid iron
-
B.
Liquid iron
-
C.
Silicate rocks
-
D.
Water
Solution
The inner core is primarily composed of solid iron, along with some nickel.
Correct Answer:
A
— Solid iron
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Q. What is the primary composition of the Earth's outer core? (2022)
-
A.
Solid rock
-
B.
Liquid iron and nickel
-
C.
Silicate minerals
-
D.
Granite
Solution
The outer core is primarily composed of liquid iron and nickel, which is crucial for generating the Earth's magnetic field.
Correct Answer:
B
— Liquid iron and nickel
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Q. What is the primary method used to study the Earth's interior? (2023)
-
A.
Seismic waves
-
B.
Magnetic field analysis
-
C.
Gravitational studies
-
D.
Satellite imagery
Solution
Seismic waves generated by earthquakes are the primary method used to study the Earth's interior structure.
Correct Answer:
A
— Seismic waves
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Q. What is the primary reason for the Earth's magnetic field? (2020)
-
A.
Movement of the crust
-
B.
Flow of molten iron in the outer core
-
C.
Solar winds
-
D.
Tectonic activity
Solution
The Earth's magnetic field is primarily generated by the flow of molten iron in the outer core.
Correct Answer:
B
— Flow of molten iron in the outer core
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Q. What is the primary reason for the movement of tectonic plates?
-
A.
Gravity
-
B.
Convection currents
-
C.
Magnetic forces
-
D.
Centrifugal force
Solution
Tectonic plates move primarily due to convection currents in the mantle, which are caused by the heat from the Earth's core.
Correct Answer:
B
— Convection currents
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Q. What is the primary state of matter in the Earth's outer core? (2019)
-
A.
Solid
-
B.
Liquid
-
C.
Gas
-
D.
Plasma
Solution
The outer core is in a liquid state, composed mainly of molten iron and nickel.
Correct Answer:
B
— Liquid
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is directly beneath the crust?
-
A.
Mantle
-
B.
Outer Core
-
C.
Inner Core
-
D.
Lithosphere
Solution
The layer directly beneath the Earth's crust is the mantle.
Correct Answer:
A
— Mantle
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is liquid? (2021)
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The Outer Core is the only layer of the Earth that is in a liquid state.
Correct Answer:
C
— Outer Core
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of iron and nickel? (2020)
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The Outer Core is primarily composed of molten iron and nickel, which is responsible for Earth's magnetic field.
Correct Answer:
C
— Outer Core
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field? (2023)
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The movement of liquid iron in the Outer Core generates the Earth's magnetic field.
Correct Answer:
C
— Outer Core
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for tectonic activity?
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The Earth's crust is where tectonic activity occurs, as it is divided into tectonic plates.
Correct Answer:
A
— Crust
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for tectonic plate movement? (2019)
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The Mantle, particularly the asthenosphere, is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates.
Correct Answer:
B
— Mantle
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for the generation of the Earth's magnetic field?
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The movement of molten iron in the outer core generates the Earth's magnetic field.
Correct Answer:
C
— Outer Core
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for volcanic activity? (2023)
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The mantle is responsible for volcanic activity as it contains magma that can rise to the surface through the crust.
Correct Answer:
B
— Mantle
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is solid and composed mainly of iron and nickel? (2021)
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The Inner Core is solid and composed mainly of iron and nickel, despite the high temperatures.
Correct Answer:
D
— Inner Core
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Q. Which layer of the Earth is solid and composed mainly of silicate rocks?
-
A.
Crust
-
B.
Mantle
-
C.
Outer Core
-
D.
Inner Core
Solution
The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth and is solid, composed mainly of silicate rocks.
Correct Answer:
A
— Crust
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