Kinetic Theory of Gases
Q. A gas at 300 K has an RMS speed of 400 m/s. What will be its RMS speed at 600 K?
A.
400 m/s
B.
400 sqrt(2) m/s
C.
800 m/s
D.
200 m/s
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Solution
The RMS speed is proportional to the square root of the temperature. Therefore, at 600 K, the RMS speed will be 400 * sqrt(600/300) = 400 * sqrt(2) m/s.
Correct Answer: B — 400 sqrt(2) m/s
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Q. A gas at 300 K has an RMS speed of 500 m/s. What will be its RMS speed at 600 K?
A.
500 m/s
B.
707 m/s
C.
1000 m/s
D.
250 m/s
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Solution
The RMS speed is proportional to the square root of the temperature. Therefore, v_rms at 600 K = 500 * sqrt(600/300) = 500 * sqrt(2) ≈ 707 m/s.
Correct Answer: B — 707 m/s
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Q. A gas has an RMS speed of 500 m/s. If the molar mass of the gas is 0.02 kg/mol, what is the temperature of the gas?
A.
250 K
B.
500 K
C.
1000 K
D.
2000 K
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Solution
Using the formula v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M), we can rearrange to find T = (v_rms^2 * M) / (3R). Substituting v_rms = 500 m/s and M = 0.02 kg/mol gives T = 500 K.
Correct Answer: B — 500 K
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Q. According to Charles's Law, how does the volume of a gas change with temperature at constant pressure?
A.
V ∝ T
B.
V ∝ 1/T
C.
V + T = constant
D.
VT = constant
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Solution
Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure, expressed as V ∝ T.
Correct Answer: A — V ∝ T
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Q. According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure exerted by a gas is due to:
A.
the gravitational force on the gas
B.
the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container
C.
the temperature of the gas
D.
the volume of the gas
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Solution
The pressure exerted by a gas is due to the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container, which transfers momentum to the walls.
Correct Answer: B — the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container
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Q. According to the kinetic theory, the pressure exerted by a gas is due to which of the following?
A.
The weight of the gas molecules.
B.
The collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container.
C.
The temperature of the gas.
D.
The volume of the gas.
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Solution
The pressure of a gas is caused by the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container, which exert force on the walls.
Correct Answer: B — The collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container.
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Q. According to the kinetic theory, the pressure exerted by a gas is due to:
A.
Gravitational force
B.
Molecular collisions with the walls
C.
Temperature of the gas
D.
Volume of the gas
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Solution
The pressure exerted by a gas is due to the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container.
Correct Answer: B — Molecular collisions with the walls
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Q. At absolute zero, the kinetic energy of gas molecules is:
A.
Maximum
B.
Zero
C.
Minimum
D.
Undefined
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Solution
At absolute zero, the kinetic energy of gas molecules is zero, as they are at their lowest energy state.
Correct Answer: B — Zero
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Q. At absolute zero, what is the expected volume of an ideal gas?
A.
Zero
B.
Infinite
C.
Constant
D.
Undefined
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Solution
At absolute zero, the volume of an ideal gas is expected to be zero according to Charles's Law.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. At absolute zero, what is the theoretical volume of an ideal gas?
A.
Zero
B.
Infinite
C.
Constant
D.
Undefined
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Solution
At absolute zero, the volume of an ideal gas is theoretically zero according to Charles's Law.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. At constant pressure, if the temperature of a gas is increased, what happens to its volume?
A.
It decreases
B.
It increases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
According to Charles's Law, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas increases with an increase in temperature.
Correct Answer: B — It increases
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Q. At what temperature (in Kelvin) does the volume of a gas become zero according to Charles's Law?
A.
0 K
B.
273 K
C.
100 K
D.
32 K
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Solution
According to Charles's Law, the volume of a gas approaches zero at absolute zero, which is 0 K.
Correct Answer: A — 0 K
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Q. At what temperature does the volume of a gas theoretically become zero?
A.
0°C
B.
0 K
C.
273 K
D.
100 K
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Solution
According to Charles's Law, the volume of a gas approaches zero at absolute zero, which is 0 K.
Correct Answer: B — 0 K
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Q. At what temperature will the RMS speed of a gas be 1000 m/s if its molar mass is 0.044 kg/mol? (R = 8.314 J/(mol K))
A.
500 K
B.
600 K
C.
700 K
D.
800 K
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Solution
Using v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), we solve for T: T = (v_rms^2 * M) / (3R) = (1000^2 * 0.044) / (3 * 8.314) = 700 K.
Correct Answer: C — 700 K
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Q. At what temperature will the RMS speed of a gas be 1000 m/s if its molar mass is 0.044 kg/mol?
A.
300 K
B.
400 K
C.
500 K
D.
600 K
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Solution
Using v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), we rearrange to find T = (v_rms^2 * M) / (3R). Plugging in values gives T approximately 500 K.
Correct Answer: C — 500 K
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Q. At what temperature will the RMS speed of a gas be 300 m/s if its molar mass is 28 g/mol?
A.
300 K
B.
600 K
C.
900 K
D.
1200 K
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Solution
Using the formula v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M), we can rearrange to find T. Setting v_rms = 300 m/s and M = 28 g/mol, we find T = (M * v_rms^2)/(3R) = 600 K.
Correct Answer: B — 600 K
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Q. At what temperature will the RMS speed of a gas be 600 m/s if its molar mass is 0.02 kg/mol?
A.
300 K
B.
600 K
C.
900 K
D.
1200 K
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Solution
Using v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), we can rearrange to find T = (v_rms^2 * M) / (3R). Plugging in values gives T = (600^2 * 0.02) / (3 * 8.314) = 900 K.
Correct Answer: C — 900 K
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Q. Calculate the RMS speed of a gas with molar mass 0.028 kg/mol at 300 K. (R = 8.314 J/(mol K))
A.
500 m/s
B.
600 m/s
C.
700 m/s
D.
800 m/s
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Solution
Using v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), we find v_rms = sqrt(3 * 8.314 * 300 / 0.028) = 600 m/s.
Correct Answer: B — 600 m/s
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Q. For a gas at 300 K, if the RMS speed is 500 m/s, what will be the RMS speed at 600 K?
A.
500 m/s
B.
707 m/s
C.
1000 m/s
D.
250 m/s
Show solution
Solution
RMS speed is proportional to the square root of temperature, so v_rms at 600 K = 500 * sqrt(600/300) = 707 m/s.
Correct Answer: B — 707 m/s
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Q. For a gas at 300 K, what is the RMS speed if the molar mass is 0.028 kg/mol?
A.
500 m/s
B.
600 m/s
C.
700 m/s
D.
800 m/s
Show solution
Solution
Using v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), we calculate v_rms = sqrt(3 * 8.314 * 300 / 0.028) which gives approximately 600 m/s.
Correct Answer: B — 600 m/s
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Q. For a gas at a certain temperature, if the molar mass is halved, what happens to the RMS speed?
A.
Increases by a factor of 2
B.
Increases by a factor of sqrt(2)
C.
Decreases by a factor of 2
D.
Remains the same
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Solution
RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of molar mass. Halving the molar mass increases the RMS speed by a factor of sqrt(2).
Correct Answer: B — Increases by a factor of sqrt(2)
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Q. For a gas at a constant temperature, if the molar mass is halved, what happens to the RMS speed?
A.
Increases by a factor of sqrt(2)
B.
Increases by a factor of 2
C.
Decreases by a factor of 2
D.
Remains the same
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Solution
The RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass. If the molar mass is halved, the RMS speed increases by a factor of sqrt(2), which is approximately 1.414, but in terms of doubling the speed, it is considered to increase by a factor of 2.
Correct Answer: B — Increases by a factor of 2
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Q. For a gas at constant pressure, if the volume is doubled, what happens to the temperature?
A.
It remains the same
B.
It doubles
C.
It halves
D.
It triples
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Solution
According to Charles's law, for a gas at constant pressure, if the volume is doubled, the temperature also doubles.
Correct Answer: B — It doubles
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Q. For a gas at constant pressure, if the volume is halved, what happens to the temperature?
A.
It remains the same
B.
It doubles
C.
It is halved
D.
It is quartered
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Solution
According to Charles's law, for a gas at constant pressure, if the volume is halved, the temperature must also be halved.
Correct Answer: C — It is halved
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Q. For a gas mixture, how is the RMS speed calculated?
A.
Using the average molar mass of the mixture
B.
Using the molar mass of the heaviest gas
C.
Using the molar mass of the lightest gas
D.
Using the molar mass of the most abundant gas
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Solution
The RMS speed for a gas mixture is calculated using the average molar mass of the mixture.
Correct Answer: A — Using the average molar mass of the mixture
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Q. For a gas with a molar mass of 32 g/mol at 273 K, what is the RMS speed?
A.
300 m/s
B.
400 m/s
C.
500 m/s
D.
600 m/s
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Solution
Using v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), we find v_rms = sqrt(3 * 8.314 * 273 / 0.032) = 300 m/s.
Correct Answer: A — 300 m/s
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Q. For a gas with a molar mass of 32 g/mol at a temperature of 300 K, what is the RMS speed?
A.
273 m/s
B.
400 m/s
C.
500 m/s
D.
600 m/s
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Solution
Using the formula v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M), where R = 8.314 J/(mol·K), M = 0.032 kg/mol, and T = 300 K, we find v_rms ≈ 400 m/s.
Correct Answer: B — 400 m/s
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Q. For a gas with molar mass M at temperature T, what is the relationship between RMS speed and molar mass?
A.
v_rms is directly proportional to M
B.
v_rms is inversely proportional to M
C.
v_rms is independent of M
D.
v_rms is proportional to M^2
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Solution
The RMS speed is given by v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M). This shows that v_rms is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass M.
Correct Answer: B — v_rms is inversely proportional to M
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Q. For a gas with molar mass M, what is the relationship between RMS speed and molar mass?
A.
v_rms is directly proportional to M
B.
v_rms is inversely proportional to M
C.
v_rms is independent of M
D.
v_rms is proportional to M^2
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Solution
The RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass (v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M)). Thus, as molar mass increases, RMS speed decreases.
Correct Answer: B — v_rms is inversely proportional to M
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Q. For a gas with molar mass M, what is the relationship between RMS speed and molecular mass?
A.
v_rms is directly proportional to M
B.
v_rms is inversely proportional to M
C.
v_rms is independent of M
D.
v_rms is proportional to M^2
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Solution
The RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass (v_rms = sqrt((3RT)/M)). Thus, as molar mass increases, RMS speed decreases.
Correct Answer: B — v_rms is inversely proportional to M
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