Q. All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Therefore, penguins can fly. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion does not hold true as penguins cannot fly.
Correct Answer: B — False
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Q. All cats are mammals. Some mammals are not dogs. Therefore, some cats are not dogs. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion logically follows from the premises.
Correct Answer: A — True
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Q. All cats are mammals. Some mammals are not dogs. Which of the following is true?
-
A.
All cats are dogs
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B.
Some cats are not dogs
-
C.
All mammals are cats
-
D.
Some dogs are not cats
Solution
Since all cats are mammals and some mammals are not dogs, it follows that some cats are not dogs.
Correct Answer: B — Some cats are not dogs
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Q. All dogs are animals. Some animals are not pets. Therefore, some dogs are not pets. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion does not necessarily follow from the premises.
Correct Answer: B — False
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Q. All humans are mortal. Socrates is a human. Therefore, Socrates is mortal. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion logically follows from the premises.
Correct Answer: A — True
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Q. All teachers are educated. Some educated people are not teachers. Therefore, some teachers are not educated. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion does not logically follow from the premises.
Correct Answer: B — False
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Q. If A is greater than B and B is greater than C, which of the following is true?
-
A.
A is less than C
-
B.
A is equal to C
-
C.
A is greater than C
-
D.
C is greater than A
Solution
If A is greater than B and B is greater than C, then A must be greater than C.
Correct Answer: C — A is greater than C
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Q. If all birds can fly and a penguin is a bird, what can we conclude?
-
A.
Penguins can fly
-
B.
Penguins cannot fly
-
C.
All birds are penguins
-
D.
Some birds cannot fly
Solution
Although penguins are birds, they are an exception and cannot fly.
Correct Answer: B — Penguins cannot fly
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Q. If all squares are rectangles and some rectangles are blue, which of the following is true?
-
A.
All squares are blue
-
B.
Some squares are blue
-
C.
No squares are blue
-
D.
Some rectangles are squares
Solution
Since all squares are rectangles, it is possible that some rectangles are squares.
Correct Answer: D — Some rectangles are squares
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Q. If every student in a class passed the exam, and John is a student in that class, what can we conclude about John?
-
A.
John failed the exam
-
B.
John passed the exam
-
C.
John is not a student
-
D.
John is a teacher
Solution
Since every student in the class passed the exam and John is a student, we can conclude that John passed the exam.
Correct Answer: B — John passed the exam
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Q. If it is a holiday, then the office is closed. The office is open. What can we conclude?
-
A.
It is a holiday
-
B.
It is not a holiday
-
C.
The office is never closed
-
D.
The office is always open
Solution
If the office is open, then it cannot be a holiday, as the office would be closed on holidays.
Correct Answer: B — It is not a holiday
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Q. If it rains, the ground gets wet. It is raining. What can we conclude?
-
A.
The ground is wet
-
B.
The ground is dry
-
C.
It is not raining
-
D.
The ground is muddy
Solution
If it rains, the ground gets wet. Since it is raining, we can conclude that the ground is wet.
Correct Answer: A — The ground is wet
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Q. If some fruits are apples and all apples are sweet, which of the following is true?
-
A.
All fruits are sweet
-
B.
Some fruits are sweet
-
C.
No fruits are sweet
-
D.
All sweet things are fruits
Solution
Since some fruits are apples and all apples are sweet, it follows that some fruits are sweet.
Correct Answer: B — Some fruits are sweet
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Q. No birds are mammals. All sparrows are birds. Therefore, no sparrows are mammals. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion is valid based on the premises.
Correct Answer: A — True
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Q. No fish are mammals. Some mammals are not whales. Therefore, some fish are not whales. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion does not logically follow from the premises.
Correct Answer: B — False
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Q. Some cars are red. All red things are fast. Therefore, some cars are fast. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion logically follows from the premises.
Correct Answer: A — True
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Q. Some fruits are apples. All apples are sweet. Therefore, some fruits are sweet. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion logically follows from the premises.
Correct Answer: A — True
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Q. Some students are diligent. All diligent people succeed. Therefore, some students succeed. (2023)
-
A.
True
-
B.
False
-
C.
Cannot be determined
-
D.
None of the above
Solution
The conclusion logically follows from the premises.
Correct Answer: A — True
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