Laws of Motion: Essential Concepts for Competitive Exams

Laws of Motion

Q. A 1 kg ball is dropped from a height of 20 m. What is its velocity just before it hits the ground? (g = 10 m/s²) (2021)

A. 10 m/s
B. 20 m/s
C. 15 m/s
D. 5 m/s

Solution

Using the formula v = √(2gh) = √(2 × 10 m/s² × 20 m) = √400 = 20 m/s.

Correct Answer: B — 20 m/s

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Q. A 1 kg ball is thrown horizontally from a height of 5 m. How long does it take to hit the ground? (g = 10 m/s²) (2022)

A. 1 s
B. 2 s
C. 3 s
D. 4 s

Solution

Using the formula h = 1/2 gt², 5 m = 1/2 * 10 m/s² * t², t² = 1, t = √1 = 2 s.

Correct Answer: B — 2 s

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Q. A 1 kg ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20 m/s. What is the maximum height it reaches? (g = 10 m/s²) (2021)

A. 20 m
B. 30 m
C. 40 m
D. 10 m

Solution

Using the formula h = v² / (2g) = (20 m/s)² / (2 × 10 m/s²) = 20 m.

Correct Answer: A — 20 m

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Q. A 1 kg object is dropped from a height. What is its velocity just before it hits the ground (neglect air resistance)? (2020)

A. 10 m/s
B. 14 m/s
C. 20 m/s
D. 30 m/s

Solution

Using v² = u² + 2gh, v = √(0 + 2 × 9.8 m/s² × h). For h = 20 m, v = √(392) = 20 m/s.

Correct Answer: C — 20 m/s

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Q. A 10 kg block is pushed with a force of 50 N. What is its acceleration? (2023)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 5 m/s²
C. 10 m/s²
D. 15 m/s²

Solution

Using Newton's second law, F = ma, we have a = F/m = 50 N / 10 kg = 5 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 5 m/s²

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Q. A 10 kg object is at rest. A force of 30 N is applied. What is the final velocity after 3 seconds? (2023)

A. 3 m/s
B. 6 m/s
C. 9 m/s
D. 12 m/s

Solution

Using F = ma, a = F/m = 30 N / 10 kg = 3 m/s². Final velocity v = u + at = 0 + 3 m/s² × 3 s = 9 m/s.

Correct Answer: B — 6 m/s

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Q. A 10 kg object is subjected to a net force of 30 N. What is its acceleration? (2022)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 3 m/s²
C. 4 m/s²
D. 5 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, acceleration a = F/m = 30 N / 10 kg = 3 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 3 m/s²

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Q. A 10 kg object is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 20 m/s. What is the maximum height reached by the object? (g = 10 m/s²) (2020)

A. 20 m
B. 30 m
C. 40 m
D. 50 m

Solution

Using the formula h = v² / (2g), h = (20 m/s)² / (2 * 10 m/s²) = 20 m.

Correct Answer: B — 30 m

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Q. A 10 kg object is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20 m/s. What is the maximum height it reaches? (g = 10 m/s²) (2023)

A. 20 m
B. 40 m
C. 30 m
D. 10 m

Solution

Using the formula h = (v²)/(2g) = (20 m/s)² / (2 × 10 m/s²) = 20 m.

Correct Answer: B — 40 m

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Q. A 12 kg object is pushed with a force of 36 N. What is its acceleration? (2023)

A. 1 m/s²
B. 2 m/s²
C. 3 m/s²
D. 4 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, we find a = F/m = 36 N / 12 kg = 3 m/s².

Correct Answer: C — 3 m/s²

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Q. A 15 kg box is pulled with a force of 60 N at an angle of 30° to the horizontal. What is the horizontal component of the force? (2022)

A. 30 N
B. 60 N
C. 51.96 N
D. 15 N

Solution

Horizontal component = F * cos(θ) = 60 N * cos(30°) = 60 N * (√3/2) = 51.96 N.

Correct Answer: C — 51.96 N

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Q. A 15 kg object is dropped from a height. What is the force acting on it due to gravity? (2023)

A. 15 N
B. 30 N
C. 45 N
D. 150 N

Solution

Using F = mg, where g = 9.8 m/s², we have F = 15 kg * 9.8 m/s² = 147 N, which rounds to 150 N.

Correct Answer: B — 30 N

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Q. A 15 kg object is moving with a velocity of 4 m/s. What is its momentum? (2019)

A. 60 kg m/s
B. 30 kg m/s
C. 45 kg m/s
D. 75 kg m/s

Solution

Momentum = mass × velocity = 15 kg × 4 m/s = 60 kg m/s.

Correct Answer: A — 60 kg m/s

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Q. A 2 kg ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20 m/s. What is the maximum height reached? (2020)

A. 20 m
B. 40 m
C. 10 m
D. 30 m

Solution

Using v² = u² + 2as, 0 = (20 m/s)² + 2(-9.8 m/s²)(h). Solving gives h = 20.4 m.

Correct Answer: A — 20 m

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Q. A 2 kg object is subjected to a net force of 8 N. What is its acceleration? (2020)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 3 m/s²
C. 4 m/s²
D. 5 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, a = F/m = 8 N / 2 kg = 4 m/s².

Correct Answer: C — 4 m/s²

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Q. A 20 kg cart is pulled with a force of 80 N. What is the acceleration of the cart? (2023)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 4 m/s²
C. 6 m/s²
D. 8 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, we find a = F/m = 80 N / 20 kg = 4 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 4 m/s²

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Q. A 25 kg object is acted upon by a force of 100 N. What is its acceleration? (2023)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 3 m/s²
C. 4 m/s²
D. 5 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, we find a = F/m = 100 N / 25 kg = 4 m/s².

Correct Answer: D — 5 m/s²

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Q. A 4 kg block is pulled with a force of 20 N. What is the acceleration of the block? (2020)

A. 5 m/s²
B. 4 m/s²
C. 3 m/s²
D. 2 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, acceleration (a) = F/m = 20 N / 4 kg = 5 m/s².

Correct Answer: A — 5 m/s²

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Q. A 4 kg object is moving with a velocity of 5 m/s. What is its kinetic energy? (2021)

A. 10 J
B. 20 J
C. 50 J
D. 100 J

Solution

Kinetic energy KE = 1/2 mv² = 1/2 * 4 kg * (5 m/s)² = 50 J.

Correct Answer: C — 50 J

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Q. A 50 kg crate is pushed with a force of 200 N. If the frictional force is 50 N, what is the acceleration of the crate? (2022)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 3 m/s²
C. 4 m/s²
D. 5 m/s²

Solution

Net force = 200 N - 50 N = 150 N. Acceleration a = F/m = 150 N / 50 kg = 3 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 3 m/s²

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Q. A 50 kg crate is pushed with a force of 200 N. If the frictional force is 50 N, what is the acceleration? (2022)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 3 m/s²
C. 4 m/s²
D. 5 m/s²

Solution

Net force = applied force - friction = 200 N - 50 N = 150 N. Acceleration a = F/m = 150 N / 50 kg = 3 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 3 m/s²

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Q. A 50 kg crate is pushed with a force of 200 N. What is the acceleration of the crate? (Assume no friction) (2021)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 4 m/s²
C. 5 m/s²
D. 10 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, acceleration a = F/m = 200 N / 50 kg = 4 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 4 m/s²

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Q. A 50 kg object is dropped from a height of 20 m. What is the speed just before it hits the ground? (g = 10 m/s²) (2020)

A. 10 m/s
B. 20 m/s
C. 30 m/s
D. 40 m/s

Solution

Using v² = u² + 2gh, v² = 0 + 2 * 10 m/s² * 20 m = 400, v = √400 = 20 m/s.

Correct Answer: B — 20 m/s

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Q. A 50 kg object is moving with a velocity of 5 m/s. What is its momentum? (2023)

A. 100 kg·m/s
B. 150 kg·m/s
C. 200 kg·m/s
D. 250 kg·m/s

Solution

Momentum p = mv = 50 kg * 5 m/s = 250 kg·m/s.

Correct Answer: A — 100 kg·m/s

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Q. A 50 kg object is pulled with a force of 200 N. What is its acceleration? (2023)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 3 m/s²
C. 4 m/s²
D. 5 m/s²

Solution

Using F = ma, we find a = F/m = 200 N / 50 kg = 4 m/s².

Correct Answer: D — 5 m/s²

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Q. A 50 kg object is pushed with a force of 200 N. What is the frictional force if the object moves with constant velocity? (2023)

A. 0 N
B. 50 N
C. 200 N
D. 100 N

Solution

If the object moves with constant velocity, the frictional force equals the applied force, which is 200 N.

Correct Answer: C — 200 N

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Q. A ball is thrown horizontally from a height of 20 m. How long does it take to hit the ground? (2019)

A. 1 s
B. 2 s
C. 3 s
D. 4 s

Solution

Using the equation of motion for free fall: h = (1/2)gt². 20 m = (1/2)(9.8)t². Solving gives t ≈ 2 s.

Correct Answer: B — 2 s

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Q. A ball is thrown upwards with a velocity of 20 m/s. How high will it go before coming to rest? (2023)

A. 10 m
B. 20 m
C. 30 m
D. 40 m

Solution

Using the formula h = v²/(2g), where g = 10 m/s², h = (20 m/s)² / (2 * 10 m/s²) = 20 m.

Correct Answer: C — 30 m

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Q. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 20 m/s. How high will it go? (g = 10 m/s²) (2023)

A. 10 m
B. 20 m
C. 30 m
D. 40 m

Solution

Using the formula h = v²/(2g), we have h = (20 m/s)² / (2 * 10 m/s²) = 20 m.

Correct Answer: B — 20 m

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Q. A block of mass 5 kg is pulled on a horizontal surface with a force of 20 N. If the frictional force is 5 N, what is the acceleration of the block? (2020)

A. 2 m/s²
B. 3 m/s²
C. 4 m/s²
D. 5 m/s²

Solution

Net force = Applied force - Frictional force = 20 N - 5 N = 15 N. Using F = ma, a = F/m = 15 N / 5 kg = 3 m/s².

Correct Answer: B — 3 m/s²

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Laws of Motion

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