Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives
Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid on its acidity?
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A.
Increases acidity
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B.
Decreases acidity
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C.
No effect
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D.
Depends on the structure
Solution
As the number of carbon atoms increases, the acidity generally decreases due to the increasing electron-donating effect of alkyl groups.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases acidity
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid on its solubility in water?
-
A.
Increases solubility
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B.
Decreases solubility
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C.
No effect
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D.
First increases then decreases
Solution
As the number of carbon atoms increases, the solubility of carboxylic acids in water generally decreases due to the increasing hydrophobic character.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases solubility
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Q. What is the functional group present in carboxylic acids?
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A.
Hydroxyl group
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B.
Carbonyl group
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C.
Carboxyl group
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D.
Amino group
Solution
Carboxylic acids contain the carboxyl group (-COOH), which is the defining feature of this class of compounds.
Correct Answer: C — Carboxyl group
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Q. What is the general formula for carboxylic acids?
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A.
C_nH_2nO_2
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B.
C_nH_2n+1COOH
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C.
C_nH_2nO
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D.
C_nH_2n+2O
Solution
The general formula for carboxylic acids is C_nH_2nO_2.
Correct Answer: A — C_nH_2nO_2
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Q. What is the IUPAC name of CH3COOH?
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A.
Methanoic acid
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B.
Ethanoic acid
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C.
Propanoic acid
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D.
Butanoic acid
Solution
CH3COOH is known as Ethanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature.
Correct Answer: B — Ethanoic acid
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Q. What is the main product when a carboxylic acid is reduced?
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A.
Alcohol
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B.
Aldehyde
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C.
Ketone
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D.
Alkane
Solution
The main product of the reduction of a carboxylic acid is an alcohol.
Correct Answer: A — Alcohol
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Q. What is the main product when benzoic acid is treated with thionyl chloride?
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A.
Benzoyl chloride
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B.
Benzyl alcohol
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C.
Benzene
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D.
Benzoate salt
Solution
Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) converts benzoic acid to benzoyl chloride, which is an acyl chloride.
Correct Answer: A — Benzoyl chloride
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Q. What is the main product when butanoic acid is treated with thionyl chloride?
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A.
Butyl chloride
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B.
Butanoate
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C.
Butanoyl chloride
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D.
Butanol
Solution
The reaction of butanoic acid with thionyl chloride produces butanoyl chloride.
Correct Answer: C — Butanoyl chloride
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Q. What is the main product when propanoic acid is treated with thionyl chloride?
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A.
Propyl chloride
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B.
Propanoic anhydride
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C.
Propionyl chloride
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D.
Propylene
Solution
The reaction of propanoic acid with thionyl chloride produces propionyl chloride.
Correct Answer: C — Propionyl chloride
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Q. What is the pKa value of acetic acid?
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A.
4.76
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B.
7.00
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C.
9.25
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D.
2.00
Solution
The pKa value of acetic acid is approximately 4.76.
Correct Answer: A — 4.76
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Q. What is the primary product of the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst?
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A.
Aldehyde
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B.
Ester
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C.
Ketone
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D.
Amide
Solution
The reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst produces an ester.
Correct Answer: B — Ester
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Q. What is the primary product when a carboxylic acid is reduced with lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4)?
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A.
Alcohol
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B.
Aldehyde
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C.
Ketone
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D.
Ester
Solution
Lithium aluminum hydride reduces carboxylic acids to primary alcohols.
Correct Answer: A — Alcohol
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Q. What is the primary product when a carboxylic acid reacts with thionyl chloride (SOCl2)?
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A.
Acid chloride
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B.
Ester
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C.
Alcohol
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D.
Aldehyde
Solution
The primary product of the reaction between a carboxylic acid and thionyl chloride is an acid chloride.
Correct Answer: A — Acid chloride
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Q. What is the product of the decarboxylation of sodium acetate?
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A.
Methane
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B.
Ethane
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C.
Carbon dioxide
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D.
Acetic acid
Solution
Decarboxylation of sodium acetate produces methane.
Correct Answer: A — Methane
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Q. What is the product of the esterification reaction between acetic acid and ethanol?
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A.
Ethyl acetate
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B.
Acetic anhydride
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C.
Ethanol acetate
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D.
Acetic acid
Solution
The reaction between acetic acid and ethanol produces ethyl acetate.
Correct Answer: A — Ethyl acetate
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Q. What is the product of the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol?
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A.
Amide
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B.
Ester
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C.
Aldehyde
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D.
Ketone
Solution
The reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol produces an ester.
Correct Answer: B — Ester
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Q. What is the product of the reaction between acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate?
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A.
Sodium acetate
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B.
Carbon dioxide
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C.
Water
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D.
All of the above
Solution
The reaction produces sodium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water, making 'All of the above' the correct answer.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following acids is stronger than acetic acid?
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A.
Formic acid
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B.
Propanoic acid
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C.
Butanoic acid
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D.
Valeric acid
Solution
Formic acid (HCOOH) is stronger than acetic acid (CH3COOH).
Correct Answer: A — Formic acid
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Q. Which of the following acids is the strongest?
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A.
Formic acid
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B.
Acetic acid
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C.
Propanoic acid
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D.
Butanoic acid
Solution
Formic acid (HCOOH) is stronger than acetic acid and other listed acids.
Correct Answer: A — Formic acid
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Q. Which of the following carboxylic acids is a dicarboxylic acid?
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A.
Acetic acid
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B.
Oxalic acid
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C.
Formic acid
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D.
Butanoic acid
Solution
Oxalic acid is a dicarboxylic acid as it contains two carboxyl groups (-COOH).
Correct Answer: B — Oxalic acid
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Q. Which of the following carboxylic acids is a solid at room temperature?
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A.
Acetic acid
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B.
Formic acid
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C.
Stearic acid
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D.
Propanoic acid
Solution
Stearic acid is a long-chain fatty acid and is solid at room temperature.
Correct Answer: C — Stearic acid
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Q. Which of the following compounds can be formed by the decarboxylation of a carboxylic acid?
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A.
Alkane
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B.
Alkene
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C.
Alkyne
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D.
Aldehyde
Solution
Decarboxylation of a carboxylic acid typically yields an alkane.
Correct Answer: A — Alkane
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Q. Which of the following compounds can be formed by the decarboxylation of sodium acetate?
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A.
Methane
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B.
Ethane
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C.
Propane
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D.
Butane
Solution
Decarboxylation of sodium acetate yields methane.
Correct Answer: A — Methane
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Q. Which of the following compounds can be formed by the esterification of a carboxylic acid?
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A.
Alcohol
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B.
Ester
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C.
Amide
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D.
Aldehyde
Solution
Ester is formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in an esterification reaction.
Correct Answer: B — Ester
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Q. Which of the following compounds can be formed by the esterification of acetic acid?
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A.
Ethyl acetate
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B.
Methyl acetate
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C.
Butyl acetate
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D.
All of the above
Solution
All of the listed compounds can be formed by the esterification of acetic acid with the respective alcohols.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following compounds is a derivative of carboxylic acid?
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A.
Alcohol
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B.
Ester
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C.
Aldehyde
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D.
Ketone
Solution
Esters are derivatives of carboxylic acids formed by the reaction of an acid and an alcohol.
Correct Answer: B — Ester
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic property of carboxylic acids?
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A.
High boiling points
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B.
Low solubility in water
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C.
Sweet smell
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D.
Basic nature
Solution
Carboxylic acids have high boiling points due to hydrogen bonding.
Correct Answer: A — High boiling points
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic reaction of carboxylic acids?
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A.
Formation of esters
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B.
Formation of amides
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C.
Decarboxylation
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D.
All of the above
Solution
Carboxylic acids can undergo esterification, amide formation, and decarboxylation, making 'All of the above' correct.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following is a derivative of carboxylic acid?
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A.
Alcohol
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B.
Aldehyde
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C.
Ester
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D.
Alkane
Solution
Ester is a derivative of carboxylic acid formed by the reaction of an acid with an alcohol.
Correct Answer: C — Ester
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Q. Which of the following is a dicarboxylic acid?
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A.
Acetic acid
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B.
Oxalic acid
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C.
Formic acid
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D.
Butanoic acid
Solution
Oxalic acid (C2H2O4) is a dicarboxylic acid as it contains two carboxylic acid groups.
Correct Answer: B — Oxalic acid
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