Gas Laws
Q. According to Charles's Law, how does the volume of a gas change with temperature at constant pressure?
A.
V ∝ T
B.
V ∝ 1/T
C.
V + T = constant
D.
VT = constant
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Solution
Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure, expressed as V ∝ T.
Correct Answer: A — V ∝ T
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Q. At absolute zero, what is the expected volume of an ideal gas?
A.
Zero
B.
Infinite
C.
Constant
D.
Undefined
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Solution
At absolute zero, the volume of an ideal gas is expected to be zero according to Charles's Law.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. At absolute zero, what is the theoretical volume of an ideal gas?
A.
Zero
B.
Infinite
C.
Constant
D.
Undefined
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Solution
At absolute zero, the volume of an ideal gas is theoretically zero according to Charles's Law.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. At constant pressure, if the temperature of a gas is increased, what happens to its volume?
A.
It decreases
B.
It increases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
According to Charles's Law, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas increases with an increase in temperature.
Correct Answer: B — It increases
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Q. At what temperature (in Kelvin) does the volume of a gas become zero according to Charles's Law?
A.
0 K
B.
273 K
C.
100 K
D.
32 K
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Solution
According to Charles's Law, the volume of a gas approaches zero at absolute zero, which is 0 K.
Correct Answer: A — 0 K
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Q. At what temperature does the volume of a gas theoretically become zero?
A.
0°C
B.
0 K
C.
273 K
D.
100 K
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Solution
According to Charles's Law, the volume of a gas approaches zero at absolute zero, which is 0 K.
Correct Answer: B — 0 K
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Q. If 1 mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 L at STP, what is the pressure exerted by the gas?
A.
1 atm
B.
2 atm
C.
0.5 atm
D.
4 atm
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Solution
At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), 1 mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 L at a pressure of 1 atm.
Correct Answer: A — 1 atm
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Q. If 2 moles of an ideal gas at 300 K occupy a volume of 10 L, what is the pressure of the gas? (Use R = 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol))
A.
0.5 atm
B.
1.0 atm
C.
2.0 atm
D.
3.0 atm
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Solution
Using the Ideal Gas Law, P = nRT/V = (2 moles * 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol) * 300 K) / 10 L = 4.926 atm.
Correct Answer: B — 1.0 atm
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Q. If a gas occupies 10 L at 1 atm, what will be its volume at 2 atm if the temperature remains constant?
A.
5 L
B.
10 L
C.
20 L
D.
15 L
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Solution
Using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2), if P1 = 1 atm, V1 = 10 L, and P2 = 2 atm, then V2 = (P1V1)/P2 = (1 atm * 10 L) / 2 atm = 5 L.
Correct Answer: A — 5 L
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Q. If a gas occupies a volume of 10 L at 1 atm, what will be its volume at 2 atm if the temperature remains constant?
A.
5 L
B.
10 L
C.
20 L
D.
15 L
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Solution
Using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2), if the pressure doubles from 1 atm to 2 atm, the volume will halve from 10 L to 5 L.
Correct Answer: A — 5 L
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Q. If the temperature of a gas is doubled at constant volume, what happens to the pressure?
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It remains the same
D.
It quadruples
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Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, if the temperature of a gas is increased while keeping the volume constant, the pressure will also increase proportionally, thus it doubles.
Correct Answer: A — It doubles
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Q. If the temperature of a gas is increased while keeping the volume constant, what happens to the pressure?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, if the temperature of a gas is increased while keeping the volume constant, the pressure increases.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. If the volume of a gas is doubled while keeping the temperature constant, what happens to the pressure?
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It remains the same
D.
It quadruples
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Solution
According to Boyle's Law, if the volume is doubled, the pressure is halved.
Correct Answer: B — It halves
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Q. In a closed container, if the temperature of a gas is increased, what happens to the pressure if the volume is constant?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, if the volume is constant, increasing the temperature increases the pressure.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. In a closed container, if the temperature of a gas is increased, what happens to the pressure?
A.
It decreases
B.
It increases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, if the temperature of a gas increases in a closed container, the pressure increases.
Correct Answer: B — It increases
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Q. In a gas mixture, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. This is known as:
A.
Dalton's Law
B.
Boyle's Law
C.
Charles's Law
D.
Ideal Gas Law
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Solution
This principle is known as Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures.
Correct Answer: A — Dalton's Law
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Q. In a gas mixture, what is the partial pressure of a gas?
A.
Total pressure of the mixture
B.
Pressure exerted by the gas alone
C.
Pressure exerted by all gases
D.
Pressure at absolute zero
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Solution
The partial pressure of a gas in a mixture is the pressure that gas would exert if it occupied the entire volume alone.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure exerted by the gas alone
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Q. In a gas mixture, which law can be used to find the total pressure exerted by the gases?
A.
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
B.
Boyle's Law
C.
Charles's Law
D.
Ideal Gas Law
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Solution
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas.
Correct Answer: A — Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
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Q. In a thermodynamic process, if the pressure of a gas is held constant and the volume decreases, what happens to the temperature?
A.
It increases
B.
It decreases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes negative
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Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, if the volume decreases at constant pressure, the temperature must increase.
Correct Answer: B — It decreases
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Q. In an isothermal process, which of the following remains constant?
A.
Pressure
B.
Volume
C.
Temperature
D.
Number of moles
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Solution
In an isothermal process, the temperature remains constant.
Correct Answer: C — Temperature
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Q. In which condition does a real gas behave most like an ideal gas?
A.
High pressure and low temperature
B.
Low pressure and high temperature
C.
High pressure and high temperature
D.
Low pressure and low temperature
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Solution
A real gas behaves most like an ideal gas under low pressure and high temperature conditions.
Correct Answer: B — Low pressure and high temperature
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Q. In which condition does the ideal gas law fail?
A.
High temperature and low pressure
B.
Low temperature and high pressure
C.
High volume
D.
Low volume
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Solution
The ideal gas law fails under low temperature and high pressure conditions, where gas particles are close together and intermolecular forces become significant.
Correct Answer: B — Low temperature and high pressure
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Q. What happens to the pressure of a gas if its temperature is increased while keeping the volume constant?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, if the temperature increases at constant volume, the pressure increases.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What happens to the volume of a gas if its temperature is increased at constant pressure?
A.
It decreases
B.
It increases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
According to Charles's Law, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas increases with an increase in temperature.
Correct Answer: B — It increases
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Q. What happens to the volume of a gas when its temperature is increased at constant pressure?
A.
It decreases
B.
It increases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
According to Charles's Law, the volume of a gas increases with an increase in temperature at constant pressure.
Correct Answer: B — It increases
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Q. What is the combined gas law equation?
A.
PV = nRT
B.
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
C.
P1V1 = P2V2
D.
V1/T1 = V2/T2
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Solution
The combined gas law is represented by the equation P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2, which combines Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's laws.
Correct Answer: B — P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of a gas on its pressure at constant volume and temperature?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
According to the ideal gas law, increasing the number of moles (n) of a gas while keeping volume (V) and temperature (T) constant will increase the pressure (P).
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas in a closed container at constant temperature?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Volume decreases
D.
Temperature decreases
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Solution
According to Avogadro's Law, increasing the number of moles of gas increases the pressure if the volume is constant.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas in a closed container at constant temperature and volume?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Volume decreases
D.
Temperature increases
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Solution
According to Avogadro's Law, increasing the number of moles of gas increases the pressure if temperature and volume are constant.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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Q. What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas on pressure at constant volume and temperature?
A.
Pressure decreases
B.
Pressure increases
C.
Pressure remains constant
D.
Pressure becomes zero
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Solution
According to the ideal gas law, increasing the number of moles of gas at constant volume and temperature will increase the pressure.
Correct Answer: B — Pressure increases
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