The speed of light decreases when it enters a medium with a higher refractive index.

Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from a denser medium to a less dense medium at an angle greater than the critical angle.

Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium at an angle greater than the critical angle.

The frequency of light remains constant when it passes from one medium to another; only the speed and wavelength change.

The wavelength decreases as light enters a medium with a higher refractive index.

The critical angle can be calculated using sin(θc) = n2/n1, which gives θc = sin^(-1)(1/1.5) = 41.8 degrees.

A prism disperses white light into its constituent colors due to refraction.

Increasing the wavelength generally increases the angle of refraction due to the change in refractive index.

Snell's Law states that n1 * sin(θ1) = n2 * sin(θ2), where n is the refractive index and θ is the angle.

The refractive index n is calculated as n = c/v, which gives n = (3 x 10^8)/(2 x 10^8) = 1.5.

Refraction is the change in direction of light due to a change in its speed when entering a different medium.

A convex lens is designed to converge light rays to a focal point.

All of these instruments use refraction to magnify objects.

Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles and openings.

Diffraction occurs when light waves encounter an obstacle or slit that is comparable in size to their wavelength.