Q. In a p-n junction diode, what does the 'p' stand for?
A.
Positive charge carriers
B.
Photons
C.
Protons
D.
Potential difference
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Solution
The 'p' in p-n junction diode stands for positive charge carriers, which are holes created by the absence of electrons.
Correct Answer:
A
— Positive charge carriers
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Q. In a p-n junction diode, what type of charge carriers are predominant in the p-type region?
A.
Electrons
B.
Holes
C.
Ions
D.
Neutrons
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Solution
In the p-type region of a p-n junction diode, holes are the predominant charge carriers, created by the addition of acceptor impurities.
Correct Answer:
B
— Holes
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Q. In a Zener diode, what is the primary function?
A.
To rectify AC to DC
B.
To regulate voltage
C.
To amplify signals
D.
To store energy
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Solution
A Zener diode is designed to regulate voltage by allowing current to flow in the reverse direction when a specific reverse voltage is reached.
Correct Answer:
B
— To regulate voltage
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Q. In a Zener diode, what is the primary use of the breakdown region?
A.
To amplify signals
B.
To regulate voltage
C.
To rectify current
D.
To store energy
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Solution
Zener diodes are designed to operate in the breakdown region to provide voltage regulation by maintaining a constant output voltage.
Correct Answer:
B
— To regulate voltage
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Q. What happens to the current in a diode when the voltage is reversed beyond the breakdown voltage?
A.
It increases exponentially
B.
It decreases to zero
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes negative
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Solution
When the reverse voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage, the current in the diode increases exponentially, which can lead to damage if not controlled.
Correct Answer:
A
— It increases exponentially
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Q. What happens to the resistance of a diode when it is forward-biased?
A.
It increases significantly
B.
It remains constant
C.
It decreases significantly
D.
It becomes infinite
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Solution
When a diode is forward-biased, its resistance decreases significantly, allowing current to flow easily.
Correct Answer:
C
— It decreases significantly
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Q. What is the band gap of a semiconductor?
A.
The energy difference between the valence band and conduction band
B.
The energy required to ionize an atom
C.
The energy of the electrons in the conduction band
D.
The energy of the holes in the valence band
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Solution
The band gap of a semiconductor is the energy difference between the valence band and the conduction band, determining its electrical properties.
Correct Answer:
A
— The energy difference between the valence band and conduction band
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Q. What is the photoelectric effect in the context of semiconductors?
A.
Emission of electrons when light hits a material
B.
Absorption of light by electrons
C.
Reflection of light from a surface
D.
Transmission of light through a material
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Solution
The photoelectric effect refers to the emission of electrons from a material when it is exposed to light, which is a fundamental principle in semiconductor devices like photodiodes.
Correct Answer:
A
— Emission of electrons when light hits a material
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Q. What is the primary function of a diode in a semiconductor circuit?
A.
To amplify current
B.
To allow current to flow in one direction only
C.
To store electrical energy
D.
To convert AC to DC
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Solution
A diode is designed to allow current to flow in one direction only, making it essential for rectification in circuits.
Correct Answer:
B
— To allow current to flow in one direction only
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Q. What is the primary mechanism of current flow in a semiconductor diode?
A.
Ionic conduction
B.
Electron flow
C.
Hole flow
D.
Both electron and hole flow
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Solution
Current flow in a semiconductor diode is due to both electron flow and hole flow, as both types of charge carriers contribute to the overall current.
Correct Answer:
D
— Both electron and hole flow
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Q. What is the purpose of doping in semiconductors?
A.
To increase resistance
B.
To decrease conductivity
C.
To modify electrical properties
D.
To create magnetic fields
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Solution
Doping is the process of adding impurities to a semiconductor to modify its electrical properties, enhancing its conductivity.
Correct Answer:
C
— To modify electrical properties
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Q. What is the role of a rectifier in a semiconductor circuit?
A.
To convert DC to AC
B.
To convert AC to DC
C.
To amplify signals
D.
To store electrical energy
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Solution
A rectifier is used in semiconductor circuits to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), allowing for the use of AC power in DC applications.
Correct Answer:
B
— To convert AC to DC
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