The acid-fast bacilli stain is used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis due to its unique cell wall properties.

Staphylococcus aureus produces various exotoxins that contribute to its pathogenicity, including enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, leading to gonorrhea.

Escherichia coli O157:H7 produces Shiga toxin, which can cause severe gastrointestinal disease and hemolytic uremic syndrome.

The rapid antigen detection test is commonly used to quickly diagnose streptococcal pharyngitis by detecting Group A Streptococcus antigens.

Helicobacter pylori is the bacterium most commonly linked to the development of peptic ulcers due to its ability to survive in the acidic environment of the stomach.

Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, which is characterized by a 'bull's-eye' rash known as erythema migrans.

Caseating granulomas are a hallmark of tuberculosis, formed as a response to the infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia, often leading to lobar pneumonia.

Untreated streptococcal throat infections can lead to rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can affect the heart, joints, and nervous system.