Q. In a buck converter, what happens to the output voltage when the duty cycle is increased?
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A.
Output voltage decreases
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B.
Output voltage increases
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C.
Output voltage remains constant
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D.
Output voltage becomes zero
Solution
In a buck converter, increasing the duty cycle results in a higher output voltage, as more time is spent in the 'on' state.
Correct Answer:
B
— Output voltage increases
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Q. In a buck converter, what is the relationship between input and output voltage?
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A.
Output voltage is greater than input voltage
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B.
Output voltage is equal to input voltage
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C.
Output voltage is less than input voltage
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D.
Output voltage can be either greater or less than input voltage
Solution
A buck converter steps down the input voltage, resulting in an output voltage that is less than the input voltage.
Correct Answer:
C
— Output voltage is less than input voltage
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Q. In a three-phase rectifier, how many diodes are typically used?
Solution
A three-phase rectifier typically uses 6 diodes to convert three-phase AC to DC.
Correct Answer:
D
— 6
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Q. What is the main advantage of using a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) technique in converters?
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A.
Increases the output voltage
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B.
Reduces the switching losses
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C.
Improves the efficiency of the converter
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D.
Provides a smoother output waveform
Solution
PWM technique improves the efficiency of converters by controlling the output voltage and reducing losses.
Correct Answer:
C
— Improves the efficiency of the converter
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Q. What is the main disadvantage of using a linear regulator compared to a switching regulator?
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A.
Higher efficiency
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B.
Lower output voltage ripple
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C.
Higher heat generation
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D.
More complex design
Solution
The main disadvantage of a linear regulator is that it generates more heat compared to a switching regulator, leading to lower efficiency.
Correct Answer:
C
— Higher heat generation
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Q. What is the main function of an inverter in power electronics?
-
A.
To convert DC to AC
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B.
To convert AC to DC
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C.
To regulate voltage
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D.
To filter harmonics
Solution
An inverter's main function is to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC).
Correct Answer:
A
— To convert DC to AC
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Q. What is the primary function of a DC-DC converter?
-
A.
To convert AC to DC
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B.
To change the voltage level of DC
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C.
To convert DC to AC
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D.
To filter DC signals
Solution
A DC-DC converter is used to change the voltage level of a DC signal, either stepping it up or stepping it down.
Correct Answer:
B
— To change the voltage level of DC
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Q. What is the primary purpose of a boost converter?
-
A.
To step down voltage
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B.
To step up voltage
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C.
To convert AC to DC
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D.
To filter noise from DC
Solution
A boost converter is designed to step up the input voltage to a higher output voltage.
Correct Answer:
B
— To step up voltage
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Q. What is the primary purpose of a snubber circuit in power electronics?
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A.
To increase efficiency
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B.
To protect against voltage spikes
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C.
To reduce harmonics
-
D.
To improve power factor
Solution
A snubber circuit is used to protect power electronic devices from voltage spikes and transients.
Correct Answer:
B
— To protect against voltage spikes
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Q. What is the role of an inverter in power electronics?
-
A.
To convert DC to AC
-
B.
To convert AC to DC
-
C.
To step up voltage
-
D.
To step down voltage
Solution
An inverter is used to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC).
Correct Answer:
A
— To convert DC to AC
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Q. Which component is essential for filtering in a DC-DC converter?
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A.
Inductor
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B.
Capacitor
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C.
Transformer
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D.
Resistor
Solution
A capacitor is essential for filtering in a DC-DC converter to smooth out the output voltage.
Correct Answer:
B
— Capacitor
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Q. Which component is essential for the operation of a flyback converter?
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A.
Inductor
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B.
Capacitor
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C.
Transformer
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D.
Resistor
Solution
A flyback converter uses a transformer to store energy and transfer it to the output during the off period.
Correct Answer:
C
— Transformer
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Q. Which type of converter is best suited for applications requiring high efficiency at low power levels?
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A.
Buck converter
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B.
Boost converter
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C.
Flyback converter
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D.
Buck-boost converter
Solution
The flyback converter is best suited for applications requiring high efficiency at low power levels due to its ability to store energy.
Correct Answer:
C
— Flyback converter
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Q. Which type of converter is typically used in renewable energy systems to connect to the grid?
-
A.
Buck converter
-
B.
Boost converter
-
C.
Inverter
-
D.
Chopper
Solution
Inverters are commonly used in renewable energy systems to convert the DC output from solar panels or batteries into AC for grid connection.
Correct Answer:
C
— Inverter
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Q. Which type of converter is used to convert AC to DC?
-
A.
Inverter
-
B.
Rectifier
-
C.
Chopper
-
D.
Boost converter
Solution
A rectifier is the device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).
Correct Answer:
B
— Rectifier
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