Q. In a BJT, what are the three regions called?
A.
Emitter, Base, Collector
B.
Source, Gate, Drain
C.
Anode, Cathode, Gate
D.
Emitter, Collector, Source
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Solution
A BJT consists of three regions: Emitter, Base, and Collector.
Correct Answer:
A
— Emitter, Base, Collector
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Q. In a BJT, what does the term 'active region' refer to?
A.
When the transistor is off
B.
When the transistor is fully on
C.
When the transistor is used for amplification
D.
When the transistor is in saturation
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Solution
The active region of a BJT is where it can amplify signals, operating between cutoff and saturation.
Correct Answer:
C
— When the transistor is used for amplification
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Q. In a BJT, what does the term 'beta' (β) refer to?
A.
The current gain
B.
The voltage drop
C.
The frequency response
D.
The thermal resistance
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Solution
Beta (β) is the current gain of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), defined as the ratio of collector current to base current.
Correct Answer:
A
— The current gain
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Q. In a common-emitter BJT configuration, what is the phase relationship between input and output signals?
A.
In phase
B.
Out of phase
C.
No relationship
D.
Depends on frequency
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Solution
In a common-emitter BJT configuration, the output signal is out of phase with the input signal, meaning a positive input results in a negative output.
Correct Answer:
B
— Out of phase
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Q. In a common-emitter configuration, what is the phase relationship between input and output signals?
A.
In phase
B.
Out of phase
C.
No phase shift
D.
180 degrees out of phase
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Solution
In a common-emitter configuration, the output signal is 180 degrees out of phase with the input signal.
Correct Answer:
D
— 180 degrees out of phase
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Q. In a common-source FET configuration, what is the output taken from?
A.
Source terminal
B.
Gate terminal
C.
Drain terminal
D.
Body terminal
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Solution
In a common-source FET configuration, the output is taken from the drain terminal.
Correct Answer:
C
— Drain terminal
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Q. In a differential amplifier configuration, what does the output voltage depend on?
A.
The difference between the two input voltages
B.
The sum of the two input voltages
C.
Only one input voltage
D.
The power supply voltage
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Solution
The output voltage of a differential amplifier depends on the difference between the two input voltages.
Correct Answer:
A
— The difference between the two input voltages
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Q. In a differential amplifier, what is the output voltage equation?
A.
Vout = (V2 - V1)(Rf/Rin)
B.
Vout = V1 - V2
C.
Vout = (V1 + V2)/2
D.
Vout = V1 + V2
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Solution
The output voltage of a differential amplifier is given by Vout = (V2 - V1)(Rf/Rin).
Correct Answer:
A
— Vout = (V2 - V1)(Rf/Rin)
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Q. In a differential amplifier, what is the output voltage if both inputs are equal?
A.
0V
B.
Vin
C.
Vout
D.
Rf/Rin
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Solution
If both inputs of a differential amplifier are equal, the output voltage is 0V.
Correct Answer:
A
— 0V
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Q. In a forward-biased diode, the majority carriers are:
A.
Electrons in the n-type region
B.
Holes in the p-type region
C.
Both electrons and holes
D.
None of the above
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Solution
In a forward-biased diode, both electrons from the n-type region and holes from the p-type region are the majority carriers.
Correct Answer:
C
— Both electrons and holes
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Q. In a forward-biased diode, what happens to the barrier potential?
A.
It increases
B.
It decreases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It reverses
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Solution
In a forward-biased diode, the applied voltage reduces the barrier potential, allowing current to flow.
Correct Answer:
B
— It decreases
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Q. In a non-inverting amplifier configuration, what is the relationship between the input voltage and the output voltage?
A.
Vout = Vin
B.
Vout = Vin/2
C.
Vout = 2Vin
D.
Vout = Vin + 1
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Solution
In a non-inverting amplifier, the output voltage is equal to the input voltage multiplied by the gain, which can be greater than 1.
Correct Answer:
C
— Vout = 2Vin
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Q. In a non-inverting amplifier configuration, what is the relationship between the input voltage and output voltage?
A.
Vout = Vin
B.
Vout = Vin/2
C.
Vout = Vin + 1
D.
Vout = Vin * (1 + Rf/Rin)
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Solution
In a non-inverting amplifier, the output voltage is given by Vout = Vin * (1 + Rf/Rin).
Correct Answer:
D
— Vout = Vin * (1 + Rf/Rin)
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Q. In a non-inverting amplifier configuration, what is the relationship between the input and output voltage?
A.
Vout = Vin
B.
Vout = Vin + Vref
C.
Vout = Vin * (1 + Rf/Rin)
D.
Vout = Vin / (1 + Rf/Rin)
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Solution
In a non-inverting amplifier, the output voltage is given by Vout = Vin * (1 + Rf/Rin).
Correct Answer:
C
— Vout = Vin * (1 + Rf/Rin)
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Q. In a PN junction diode, what happens when the diode is forward-biased?
A.
The depletion region widens
B.
The diode blocks current
C.
Current flows easily through the diode
D.
The diode becomes an insulator
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Solution
When a PN junction diode is forward-biased, the depletion region narrows, allowing current to flow easily.
Correct Answer:
C
— Current flows easily through the diode
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Q. In a summing amplifier configuration, how is the output voltage related to multiple input voltages?
A.
Vout = Vin1 + Vin2
B.
Vout = Vin1 - Vin2
C.
Vout = (Vin1 + Vin2)/2
D.
Vout = - (Vin1 + Vin2)
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Solution
In a summing amplifier, the output voltage is the negative sum of the input voltages, scaled by the feedback resistor.
Correct Answer:
D
— Vout = - (Vin1 + Vin2)
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Q. In a summing amplifier, how is the output voltage calculated?
A.
Vout = Rf * (V1 + V2)
B.
Vout = (V1 + V2)/Rf
C.
Vout = Rf * (V1 - V2)
D.
Vout = (V1 - V2)/Rf
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Solution
In a summing amplifier, the output voltage is calculated as Vout = Rf * (V1 + V2).
Correct Answer:
A
— Vout = Rf * (V1 + V2)
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Q. In a summing amplifier, how is the output voltage related to multiple input voltages?
A.
Vout = Vin1 + Vin2
B.
Vout = (Vin1 + Vin2)/R
C.
Vout = -Rf(Rin1*Vin1 + Rin2*Vin2)
D.
Vout = Vin1 * Vin2
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Solution
In a summing amplifier, the output voltage is Vout = -Rf(Rin1*Vin1 + Rin2*Vin2).
Correct Answer:
C
— Vout = -Rf(Rin1*Vin1 + Rin2*Vin2)
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Q. In an inverting amplifier configuration, if the feedback resistor is 10 kOhm and the input resistor is 1 kOhm, what is the gain?
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Solution
The gain of an inverting amplifier is given by -Rf/Rin, which in this case is -10 kOhm / 1 kOhm = -10.
Correct Answer:
A
— -10
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Q. In an inverting amplifier configuration, if the feedback resistor is 10k ohms and the input resistor is 1k ohm, what is the gain?
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Solution
The gain of an inverting amplifier is given by -Rf/Rin, which in this case is -10k/1k = -10.
Correct Answer:
A
— -10
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Q. In an inverting amplifier configuration, if the feedback resistor is 10kΩ and the input resistor is 1kΩ, what is the gain?
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Solution
The gain of an inverting amplifier is given by -Rf/Rin, which in this case is -10kΩ/1kΩ = -10.
Correct Answer:
A
— -10
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Q. In an operational amplifier, what is the purpose of negative feedback?
A.
To increase gain
B.
To stabilize the output
C.
To reduce distortion
D.
To increase bandwidth
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Solution
Negative feedback in an operational amplifier is used to stabilize the output and control the gain.
Correct Answer:
B
— To stabilize the output
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Q. In modulation, what does the term 'carrier signal' refer to?
A.
The original message signal
B.
The signal used to carry the information
C.
The noise in the system
D.
The output signal after modulation
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Solution
The carrier signal is the signal used to carry the information in modulation processes.
Correct Answer:
B
— The signal used to carry the information
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Q. In semiconductor physics, what are 'holes'?
A.
Negative charge carriers
B.
Positive charge carriers
C.
Neutral particles
D.
Electrons in the conduction band
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Solution
Holes are considered positive charge carriers in a semiconductor, representing the absence of an electron.
Correct Answer:
B
— Positive charge carriers
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Q. In semiconductor physics, what is a 'hole'?
A.
A negatively charged particle
B.
A positively charged absence of an electron
C.
A type of impurity
D.
A defect in the crystal structure
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Solution
A hole is a positively charged absence of an electron in a semiconductor material.
Correct Answer:
B
— A positively charged absence of an electron
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Q. In semiconductor physics, what is the significance of the bandgap?
A.
It determines the conductivity of the material
B.
It defines the frequency of operation
C.
It indicates the modulation depth
D.
It affects the gain of the transistor
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Solution
The bandgap determines the conductivity of the semiconductor material, influencing its electronic properties.
Correct Answer:
A
— It determines the conductivity of the material
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Q. In small-signal analysis of a BJT, what does the term 'r_pi' represent?
A.
Base resistance
B.
Emitter resistance
C.
Collector resistance
D.
Input resistance
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Solution
In small-signal analysis, 'r_pi' represents the input resistance of the BJT, which is the resistance looking into the base.
Correct Answer:
D
— Input resistance
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Q. In small-signal analysis, what does the term 'small-signal model' refer to?
A.
A model for large signals
B.
A linear approximation of a nonlinear device
C.
A model for digital signals
D.
A model for high-frequency signals
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Solution
The small-signal model refers to a linear approximation of a nonlinear device, used for analyzing small variations around a bias point.
Correct Answer:
B
— A linear approximation of a nonlinear device
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Q. In small-signal analysis, what does the term 'transconductance' refer to?
A.
The ratio of output voltage to input current
B.
The ratio of output current to input voltage
C.
The ratio of output current to input current
D.
The ratio of input voltage to output voltage
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Solution
Transconductance is defined as the ratio of output current to input voltage in small-signal models, indicating how effectively a device can control current.
Correct Answer:
C
— The ratio of output current to input current
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Q. In small-signal models, what does the term 'r_pi' represent in a BJT?
A.
The input resistance
B.
The output resistance
C.
The transconductance
D.
The base-emitter voltage
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Solution
In small-signal models, 'r_pi' represents the input resistance looking into the base of a BJT.
Correct Answer:
A
— The input resistance
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