Q. In a PID controller, what does the 'I' term represent?
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A.
Proportional control.
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B.
Integral control.
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C.
Derivative control.
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D.
Input control.
Solution
The 'I' term in a PID controller represents integral control, which helps eliminate steady-state error.
Correct Answer:
B
— Integral control.
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Q. In a transfer function, what does a pole represent?
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A.
A point of zero output.
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B.
A frequency where the system is stable.
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C.
A frequency where the system response goes to infinity.
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D.
A point of maximum gain.
Solution
A pole in a transfer function indicates a frequency at which the system's output can become unbounded, affecting stability.
Correct Answer:
C
— A frequency where the system response goes to infinity.
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Q. What does a phase margin of less than 0 degrees indicate?
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A.
The system is stable.
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B.
The system is marginally stable.
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C.
The system is unstable.
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D.
The system has a high gain margin.
Solution
A phase margin of less than 0 degrees indicates that the system is unstable, as it suggests that the system will oscillate uncontrollably.
Correct Answer:
C
— The system is unstable.
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Q. What is the effect of adding a proportional controller to a system?
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A.
It increases the steady-state error.
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B.
It decreases the system's response time.
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C.
It can improve stability.
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D.
It has no effect on the system.
Solution
Adding a proportional controller can improve the stability of a system by adjusting the gain.
Correct Answer:
C
— It can improve stability.
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Q. What is the primary characteristic of a closed-loop control system?
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A.
It does not use feedback.
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B.
It uses feedback to compare the actual output with the desired output.
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C.
It is always unstable.
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D.
It cannot be controlled.
Solution
Closed-loop systems utilize feedback to adjust their output based on the difference between the actual output and the desired output.
Correct Answer:
B
— It uses feedback to compare the actual output with the desired output.
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Q. What is the significance of the gain margin in stability analysis?
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A.
It indicates the speed of the system.
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B.
It measures how much gain can be increased before the system becomes unstable.
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C.
It shows the phase shift of the system.
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D.
It determines the steady-state error.
Solution
Gain margin indicates how much gain can be increased before the system becomes unstable, providing insight into stability.
Correct Answer:
B
— It measures how much gain can be increased before the system becomes unstable.
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Q. Which of the following indicates that a system is stable?
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A.
All poles of the transfer function are in the right half of the s-plane.
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B.
All poles of the transfer function are in the left half of the s-plane.
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C.
Poles are on the imaginary axis.
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D.
Poles are complex with positive real parts.
Solution
A system is stable if all poles of its transfer function are located in the left half of the s-plane.
Correct Answer:
B
— All poles of the transfer function are in the left half of the s-plane.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of an open-loop control system?
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A.
It requires feedback.
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B.
It is less complex than closed-loop systems.
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C.
It is always stable.
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D.
It can automatically correct errors.
Solution
Open-loop systems do not use feedback, making them generally less complex than closed-loop systems.
Correct Answer:
B
— It is less complex than closed-loop systems.
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