AC Fundamentals and Phasors

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Q. According to Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL), what can be said about the currents entering and leaving a junction?
  • A. They are always equal
  • B. They can be different
  • C. They depend on voltage
  • D. They are always zero
Q. According to Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL), what must be true at a junction in an electrical circuit?
  • A. The sum of voltages is zero
  • B. The sum of currents entering equals the sum of currents leaving
  • C. Power is conserved
  • D. Resistance is constant
Q. According to Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL), what must be true at any junction in an electrical circuit?
  • A. The sum of currents entering equals the sum of currents leaving
  • B. The voltage is constant
  • C. The total resistance is zero
  • D. Power is conserved
Q. How do you calculate the total power in a resistive AC circuit?
  • A. P = V^2 / R
  • B. P = I^2 * R
  • C. P = V * I * cos(φ)
  • D. P = R * I
Q. How do you calculate the total power in a three-phase AC system?
  • A. P = √3 * V * I
  • B. P = V * I
  • C. P = 3 * V * I
  • D. P = V^2 / R
Q. If a circuit has a Norton equivalent current of 3A and a Norton equivalent resistance of 4Ω, what is the equivalent voltage?
  • A. 12V
  • B. 7V
  • C. 3V
  • D. 1.5V
Q. If a circuit has a Norton equivalent current of 5A and a Norton equivalent resistance of 2Ω, what is the equivalent voltage?
  • A. 2V
  • B. 5V
  • C. 10V
  • D. 7V
Q. If the total power in a circuit is 100W and the power factor is 0.8, what is the apparent power?
  • A. 80VA
  • B. 100VA
  • C. 125VA
  • D. 200VA
Q. In a parallel AC circuit, how does the total current relate to the individual branch currents according to KCL?
  • A. Total current is the sum of branch currents
  • B. Total current is the average of branch currents
  • C. Total current is the maximum branch current
  • D. Total current is the minimum branch current
Q. In a parallel circuit, if one branch has a resistance of 6Ω and another has 3Ω, what is the total resistance?
  • A.
  • B.
  • C. 1.5Ω
  • D.
Q. In a parallel circuit, what is the total current if the branch currents are 2A, 3A, and 5A?
  • A. 10A
  • B. 5A
  • C. 3A
  • D. 2A
Q. In a purely resistive AC circuit, what is the phase difference between voltage and current?
  • A. 0 degrees
  • B. 90 degrees
  • C. 180 degrees
  • D. 45 degrees
Q. In a series AC circuit, how does the total impedance (Z) relate to resistance (R) and reactance (X)?
  • A. Z = R + X
  • B. Z = R - X
  • C. Z = √(R^2 + X^2)
  • D. Z = R * X
Q. In a series AC circuit, if the voltage is 120V and the current is 10A, what is the power consumed?
  • A. 120W
  • B. 100W
  • C. 1000W
  • D. 1200W
Q. In a series circuit, how does the total current relate to the individual branch currents according to KCL?
  • A. Total current is the sum of branch currents
  • B. Total current is the average of branch currents
  • C. Total current is the maximum branch current
  • D. Total current is the minimum branch current
Q. In a series circuit, if the total voltage is 12V and the resistance is 4Ω, what is the current flowing through the circuit?
  • A. 3A
  • B. 4A
  • C. 12A
  • D. 0.33A
Q. In a series RLC circuit, if the resistance is 10Ω, the inductance is 0.1H, and the capacitance is 100μF, what is the resonant frequency?
  • A. 159.15Hz
  • B. 100Hz
  • C. 50Hz
  • D. 200Hz
Q. In an AC circuit, what does the impedance (Z) represent?
  • A. Total opposition to current flow
  • B. Only resistance
  • C. Only reactance
  • D. Voltage drop
Q. In an AC circuit, what does the term 'impedance' refer to?
  • A. Resistance only
  • B. Total opposition to current
  • C. Voltage drop
  • D. Current flow
Q. In an AC circuit, what is the phase difference between voltage and current in a purely resistive load?
  • A. 0 degrees
  • B. 90 degrees
  • C. 180 degrees
  • D. 270 degrees
Q. In an AC circuit, what is the power factor?
  • A. Ratio of real power to apparent power
  • B. Ratio of reactive power to real power
  • C. Total power consumed
  • D. Voltage divided by current
Q. What does KCL state about currents at a junction?
  • A. The sum of currents entering equals the sum of currents leaving
  • B. The sum of voltages equals zero
  • C. Current is constant in a closed loop
  • D. Power is conserved in a circuit
Q. What does KVL (Kirchhoff's Voltage Law) state?
  • A. The sum of currents in a loop is zero
  • B. The sum of voltages in a closed loop is zero
  • C. The voltage across a resistor is constant
  • D. The total power in a circuit is zero
Q. What does KVL state about the voltages in a closed loop?
  • A. The sum of voltages is zero
  • B. The sum of currents is zero
  • C. The sum of resistances is zero
  • D. The sum of powers is zero
Q. What does the term 'phasor' represent in AC analysis?
  • A. A time-domain signal
  • B. A complex number representing magnitude and phase
  • C. A type of resistor
  • D. A frequency component
Q. What is the effect of increasing frequency on the reactance of a capacitor?
  • A. Reactance increases
  • B. Reactance decreases
  • C. Reactance remains constant
  • D. Reactance becomes zero
Q. What is the equivalent resistance of two resistors, R1 = 6Ω and R2 = 3Ω, in parallel?
  • A.
  • B.
  • C.
  • D. 18Ω
Q. What is the equivalent voltage source in Thevenin's theorem?
  • A. The open-circuit voltage
  • B. The short-circuit current
  • C. The total current
  • D. The total resistance
Q. What is the formula for calculating power in an AC circuit with a phase angle?
  • A. P = V * I
  • B. P = V * I * cos(θ)
  • C. P = I^2 * R
  • D. P = V^2 / R
Q. What is the formula for calculating power in an AC circuit?
  • A. P = V^2 / R
  • B. P = I^2 * R
  • C. P = V * I * cos(φ)
  • D. P = V / I
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