A high water table can decrease the effective stress in the soil, thereby reducing its bearing capacity.

Consolidation typically increases the bearing capacity of soil as it reduces voids and increases effective stress.

Settlement is a primary concern when designing foundations on expansive clay due to its volume change with moisture content.

The primary purpose of a retaining wall is to resist lateral earth pressures exerted by the soil it retains, which is crucial for maintaining bearing capacity.

All of these equations (Terzaghi's, Meyerhof's, and Vesic's) are used to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of foundations.

All of these methods (SPT, CPT, and Plate Load Test) are commonly used to assess the bearing capacity of soil in the field.

Soil stratigraphy is critical in site investigation as it provides information on the layers of soil and their properties, which directly affect foundation design.

Piled foundation is not a type of shallow foundation; it is a deep foundation type.