Q. What is the hybridization of the central atom in phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5)?
A.
sp
B.
sp2
C.
sp3
D.
sp3d
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Solution
In PCl5, phosphorus has five bonding pairs and no lone pairs, leading to sp3d hybridization.
Correct Answer:
D
— sp3d
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Q. What is the shape of the PCl5 molecule?
A.
Trigonal planar
B.
Tetrahedral
C.
Trigonal bipyramidal
D.
Octahedral
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Solution
PCl5 has five bonding pairs and no lone pairs, resulting in a trigonal bipyramidal shape.
Correct Answer:
C
— Trigonal bipyramidal
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Q. Which of the following compounds has the highest lattice energy?
A.
NaCl
B.
MgO
C.
KBr
D.
CaF2
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Solution
Lattice energy increases with charge and decreases with size. MgO has a higher charge (2+) compared to NaCl (1+), KBr (1+), and CaF2 (2+ but larger size).
Correct Answer:
B
— MgO
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Q. Which of the following elements can form a coordinate covalent bond?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon
D.
Boron
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Solution
Oxygen can donate a lone pair to form a coordinate covalent bond, as seen in compounds like H2O and H3O+.
Correct Answer:
A
— Oxygen
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Q. Which of the following molecules exhibits hydrogen bonding?
A.
CH4
B.
H2O
C.
CO2
D.
N2
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Solution
H2O exhibits hydrogen bonding due to the presence of highly electronegative oxygen atoms bonded to hydrogen.
Correct Answer:
B
— H2O
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Q. Which of the following molecules is nonpolar?
A.
HCl
B.
CO2
C.
NH3
D.
H2O
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Solution
CO2 is linear and symmetrical, leading to cancellation of dipole moments, making it nonpolar.
Correct Answer:
B
— CO2
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