Q. In a closed system, what happens to the pressure of a gas if its volume is halved at constant temperature?
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A.
Pressure doubles
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B.
Pressure halves
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C.
Pressure remains the same
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D.
Pressure quadruples
Solution
According to Boyle's Law, if the volume is halved, the pressure will double (P1V1 = P2V2).
Correct Answer:
A
— Pressure doubles
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Q. In which scenario does the ideal gas law (PV=nRT) fail to accurately predict gas behavior?
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A.
High temperature and low pressure
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B.
Low temperature and high pressure
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C.
Moderate temperature and pressure
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D.
All scenarios
Solution
The ideal gas law fails at low temperatures and high pressures where intermolecular forces and molecular volume become significant.
Correct Answer:
B
— Low temperature and high pressure
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Q. What happens to the equilibrium position of a reaction when the temperature is increased for an endothermic reaction?
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A.
Shifts to the left
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B.
Shifts to the right
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C.
No change
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D.
Depends on pressure
Solution
For an endothermic reaction, increasing temperature shifts the equilibrium position to the right, favoring the formation of products.
Correct Answer:
B
— Shifts to the right
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Q. What is the relationship between pressure and volume in a gas at constant temperature?
-
A.
Boyle's Law
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B.
Charles's Law
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C.
Avogadro's Law
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D.
Ideal Gas Law
Solution
Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature (P1V1 = P2V2).
Correct Answer:
A
— Boyle's Law
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Q. What is the significance of the critical point in phase diagrams?
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A.
It indicates the temperature at which a substance boils
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B.
It marks the end of the liquid-gas phase boundary
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C.
It shows the maximum pressure a solid can withstand
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D.
It defines the temperature at which a solid melts
Solution
The critical point marks the end of the liquid-gas phase boundary, beyond which distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist.
Correct Answer:
B
— It marks the end of the liquid-gas phase boundary
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Q. Which gas law can be used to calculate the final volume of a gas when both pressure and temperature change?
-
A.
Ideal Gas Law
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B.
Combined Gas Law
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C.
Graham's Law
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D.
Dalton's Law
Solution
The Combined Gas Law (P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2) allows for calculations involving changes in pressure, volume, and temperature.
Correct Answer:
B
— Combined Gas Law
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Q. Which gas law describes the direct relationship between volume and temperature at constant pressure?
-
A.
Boyle's Law
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B.
Charles's Law
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C.
Graham's Law
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D.
Dalton's Law
Solution
Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure (V1/T1 = V2/T2).
Correct Answer:
B
— Charles's Law
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of real gases compared to ideal gases?
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A.
No intermolecular forces
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B.
Volume of gas particles is negligible
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C.
Attraction between particles
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D.
Obeys gas laws perfectly
Solution
Real gases exhibit intermolecular forces, which affect their behavior, especially at high pressures and low temperatures.
Correct Answer:
C
— Attraction between particles
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Q. Which of the following is a real-world application of the ideal gas law?
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A.
Calculating the pressure in a tire
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B.
Determining the boiling point of water
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C.
Measuring the density of solids
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D.
Predicting reaction rates
Solution
The ideal gas law can be used to calculate the pressure in a tire by relating volume, temperature, and the number of moles of gas.
Correct Answer:
A
— Calculating the pressure in a tire
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Q. Which principle explains the behavior of gases in a closed container when temperature increases?
-
A.
Charles's Law
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B.
Boyle's Law
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C.
Avogadro's Law
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D.
Graham's Law
Solution
Charles's Law explains that increasing temperature at constant pressure leads to an increase in volume of the gas.
Correct Answer:
A
— Charles's Law
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