Polymerase Chain Reaction: Essential for Exam Success

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Q. At what temperature does denaturation typically occur in PCR?

Solution

Denaturation typically occurs at around 95°C, where the DNA strands separate.

Correct Answer: C — 95°C

Q. What are the three main steps of PCR?

Solution

The three main steps of PCR are denaturation, annealing, and extension.

Correct Answer: A — Denaturation, annealing, extension

Q. What is the role of primers in PCR?

Solution

Primers are short sequences of nucleotides that initiate DNA synthesis by providing a starting point for Taq polymerase.

Correct Answer: B — To initiate DNA synthesis

Q. What is the significance of the annealing temperature in PCR?

Solution

The annealing temperature is crucial as it affects the specificity of primer binding to the target DNA.

Correct Answer: B — It affects the specificity of primer binding

Q. What is the typical number of cycles in a standard PCR protocol?

Solution

A standard PCR protocol typically involves 25-40 cycles to achieve sufficient amplification.

Correct Answer: C — 25-40 cycles

Q. Which application is NOT commonly associated with PCR?

Solution

PCR is not used for protein synthesis; it is primarily used for amplifying DNA for various applications.

Correct Answer: C — Protein synthesis

Q. Which of the following is NOT a component of a typical PCR reaction?

Solution

RNA polymerase is not used in PCR; instead, Taq polymerase is used for DNA synthesis.

Correct Answer: D — RNA polymerase

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