Q. What is the function of a silencer in gene regulation?
-
A.
To enhance transcription
-
B.
To inhibit transcription
-
C.
To splice RNA
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D.
To replicate DNA
Solution
A silencer is a regulatory element that inhibits transcription when bound by specific proteins.
Correct Answer:
B
— To inhibit transcription
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Q. What is the primary enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA during transcription?
-
A.
DNA polymerase
-
B.
RNA polymerase
-
C.
Ligase
-
D.
Helicase
Solution
RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.
Correct Answer:
B
— RNA polymerase
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Q. What is the primary function of enhancers in gene regulation?
-
A.
To terminate transcription
-
B.
To promote transcription from a distance
-
C.
To splice RNA
-
D.
To degrade mRNA
Solution
Enhancers are regulatory DNA sequences that promote transcription from a distance by interacting with transcription factors.
Correct Answer:
B
— To promote transcription from a distance
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Q. What is the role of the TATA box in transcription?
-
A.
It is a coding region
-
B.
It is a binding site for RNA polymerase
-
C.
It is a site for RNA splicing
-
D.
It is a termination signal
Solution
The TATA box is a DNA sequence that serves as a binding site for RNA polymerase and is crucial for the initiation of transcription.
Correct Answer:
B
— It is a binding site for RNA polymerase
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Q. What role do transcription factors play in gene expression?
-
A.
They degrade RNA
-
B.
They enhance or inhibit transcription
-
C.
They replicate DNA
-
D.
They splice RNA
Solution
Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences to enhance or inhibit the transcription of genes.
Correct Answer:
B
— They enhance or inhibit transcription
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Q. Which of the following is a key regulatory element that enhances transcription?
-
A.
Promoter
-
B.
Intron
-
C.
Exon
-
D.
Silencer
Solution
A promoter is a key regulatory element that initiates transcription by providing a binding site for RNA polymerase.
Correct Answer:
A
— Promoter
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Q. Which of the following modifications can occur to mRNA before it is translated?
-
A.
5' capping
-
B.
3' polyadenylation
-
C.
RNA splicing
-
D.
All of the above
Solution
All of the above modifications (5' capping, 3' polyadenylation, and RNA splicing) occur to mRNA before it is translated.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. Which of the following processes occurs after transcription in eukaryotic cells?
-
A.
Translation
-
B.
Replication
-
C.
RNA splicing
-
D.
DNA repair
Solution
RNA splicing is a process that occurs after transcription in eukaryotic cells, where introns are removed and exons are joined.
Correct Answer:
C
— RNA splicing
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Q. Which type of RNA is primarily involved in carrying the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?
-
A.
rRNA
-
B.
tRNA
-
C.
mRNA
-
D.
snRNA
Solution
mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
Correct Answer:
C
— mRNA
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