Q. How do bacteriophages replicate?
-
A.
Binary fission
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B.
Budding
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C.
Lytic and lysogenic cycles
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D.
Mitosis
Solution
Bacteriophages can replicate through lytic cycles, where they destroy the host, or lysogenic cycles, where they integrate into the host genome.
Correct Answer:
C
— Lytic and lysogenic cycles
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Q. What is a bacteriophage?
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A.
A type of bacteria
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B.
A virus that infects bacteria
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C.
A fungal organism
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D.
A type of antibiotic
Solution
Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect and replicate within bacteria.
Correct Answer:
B
— A virus that infects bacteria
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Q. What is the primary challenge in using bacteriophages as a treatment?
-
A.
They are too expensive
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B.
They can cause allergic reactions
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C.
Bacterial resistance can develop
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D.
They are not effective
Solution
Bacterial resistance to bacteriophages can develop, posing a challenge in their therapeutic use.
Correct Answer:
C
— Bacterial resistance can develop
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Q. What is the primary component of a bacteriophage?
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A.
RNA
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B.
DNA
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C.
Protein
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D.
Lipids
Solution
Bacteriophages primarily contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material.
Correct Answer:
B
— DNA
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Q. What is the significance of the 'tail' structure in bacteriophages?
-
A.
It helps in replication
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B.
It aids in attachment to host bacteria
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C.
It protects the genetic material
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D.
It is used for energy production
Solution
The tail structure of bacteriophages is crucial for attaching to and injecting their genetic material into host bacteria.
Correct Answer:
B
— It aids in attachment to host bacteria
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Q. What is the term for the process by which bacteriophages transfer genetic material between bacteria?
-
A.
Transduction
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B.
Transformation
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C.
Conjugation
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D.
Replication
Solution
Transduction is the process by which bacteriophages transfer genetic material between bacteria.
Correct Answer:
A
— Transduction
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Q. Which of the following diseases has been treated with bacteriophage therapy?
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A.
HIV
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B.
Tuberculosis
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C.
Staphylococcal infections
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D.
Influenza
Solution
Bacteriophage therapy has been explored for treating Staphylococcal infections.
Correct Answer:
C
— Staphylococcal infections
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Q. Which of the following is a potential use of bacteriophages in medicine?
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A.
Treating viral infections
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B.
Antibiotic resistance therapy
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C.
Vaccination
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D.
Surgery
Solution
Bacteriophages can be used to target and kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Correct Answer:
B
— Antibiotic resistance therapy
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Q. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacteriophages?
-
A.
They can be used to kill bacteria
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B.
They can infect human cells
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C.
They are specific to their bacterial hosts
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D.
They can be found in the environment
Solution
Bacteriophages are specific to bacteria and do not infect human cells.
Correct Answer:
B
— They can infect human cells
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Q. Which type of bacteriophage is known for integrating its DNA into the host genome?
-
A.
Lytic phage
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B.
Temperate phage
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C.
Virulent phage
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D.
Bacteriocin
Solution
Temperate phages can integrate their DNA into the host genome, entering a lysogenic cycle.
Correct Answer:
B
— Temperate phage
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