Q. What is the primary function of the liver in drug metabolism?
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A.
Excretion of drugs
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B.
Activation of prodrugs
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C.
Biotransformation of drugs
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D.
Storage of drugs
Solution
The liver is primarily responsible for the biotransformation of drugs, converting them into more water-soluble compounds for excretion.
Correct Answer:
C
— Biotransformation of drugs
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Q. What is the primary function of the respiratory system in relation to drug delivery?
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A.
Absorption of drugs through the skin
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B.
Inhalation of aerosolized drugs
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C.
Metabolism of drugs in the lungs
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D.
Excretion of drugs via exhalation
Solution
The respiratory system facilitates the inhalation of aerosolized drugs, allowing for direct delivery to the lungs.
Correct Answer:
B
— Inhalation of aerosolized drugs
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Q. What is the primary role of the endocrine system in pharmacology?
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A.
Regulating blood pressure
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B.
Secreting hormones that affect drug metabolism
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C.
Controlling muscle contractions
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D.
Facilitating nutrient absorption
Solution
The endocrine system secretes hormones that can significantly affect drug metabolism and overall pharmacological responses.
Correct Answer:
B
— Secreting hormones that affect drug metabolism
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Q. What is the role of the kidneys in pharmacokinetics?
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A.
Absorption of drugs
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B.
Distribution of drugs
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C.
Metabolism of drugs
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D.
Excretion of drugs
Solution
The kidneys are primarily involved in the excretion of drugs and their metabolites from the body.
Correct Answer:
D
— Excretion of drugs
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Q. What physiological process is primarily involved in the absorption of orally administered drugs?
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A.
Diffusion
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B.
Filtration
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C.
Active transport
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D.
Endocytosis
Solution
Diffusion is the primary process involved in the absorption of orally administered drugs across the intestinal wall.
Correct Answer:
A
— Diffusion
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Q. Which of the following best describes the term 'bioavailability'?
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A.
The rate of drug metabolism
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B.
The extent and rate at which the active ingredient is absorbed
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C.
The elimination half-life of a drug
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D.
The distribution of a drug in body tissues
Solution
Bioavailability refers to the extent and rate at which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed and becomes available at the site of action.
Correct Answer:
B
— The extent and rate at which the active ingredient is absorbed
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Q. Which organ is primarily responsible for the detoxification of drugs?
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A.
Heart
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B.
Liver
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C.
Lungs
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D.
Kidneys
Solution
The liver is the main organ responsible for detoxifying drugs and other harmful substances in the body.
Correct Answer:
B
— Liver
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Q. Which organ system is primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis of body temperature?
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A.
Nervous system
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B.
Endocrine system
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C.
Integumentary system
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D.
Muscular system
Solution
The integumentary system, including the skin, plays a crucial role in thermoregulation and maintaining body temperature.
Correct Answer:
C
— Integumentary system
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Q. Which physiological mechanism helps regulate blood glucose levels?
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A.
Insulin secretion
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B.
Glucagon secretion
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C.
Both insulin and glucagon secretion
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D.
Adrenaline secretion
Solution
Both insulin and glucagon are hormones secreted by the pancreas that work together to regulate blood glucose levels.
Correct Answer:
C
— Both insulin and glucagon secretion
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