Q. What is the primary regulatory mechanism for maintaining blood glucose levels?
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A.
Insulin and glucagon
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B.
Gastrin and secretin
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C.
Bile and pancreatic enzymes
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D.
Cholecystokinin and amylase
Solution
Insulin and glucagon are the primary hormones that regulate blood glucose levels, with insulin lowering and glucagon raising blood glucose.
Correct Answer:
A
— Insulin and glucagon
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Q. Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth?
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A.
Pepsin
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B.
Amylase
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C.
Lipase
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D.
Trypsin
Solution
Salivary amylase is the enzyme that begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth.
Correct Answer:
B
— Amylase
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Q. Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating gastric acid secretion?
-
A.
Insulin
-
B.
Gastrin
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C.
Secretin
-
D.
Cholecystokinin
Solution
Gastrin is the hormone that stimulates the secretion of gastric acid from the parietal cells in the stomach.
Correct Answer:
B
— Gastrin
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Q. Which structure prevents the backflow of food from the stomach into the esophagus?
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A.
Pyloric sphincter
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B.
Lower esophageal sphincter
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C.
Ileocecal valve
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D.
Anal sphincter
Solution
The lower esophageal sphincter prevents the backflow of food and acid from the stomach into the esophagus.
Correct Answer:
B
— Lower esophageal sphincter
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