Q. What is the name of the heart's natural pacemaker?
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A.
Atrioventricular node
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B.
Sinoatrial node
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C.
Bundle of His
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D.
Purkinje fibers
Solution
The sinoatrial (SA) node is known as the heart's natural pacemaker, initiating the electrical impulses that regulate heartbeats.
Correct Answer:
B
— Sinoatrial node
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Q. What is the primary function of the heart?
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A.
To filter blood
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B.
To pump blood throughout the body
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C.
To produce hormones
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D.
To absorb nutrients
Solution
The primary function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
Correct Answer:
B
— To pump blood throughout the body
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Q. What is the primary function of the pulmonary circulation?
-
A.
To deliver oxygenated blood to the body
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B.
To remove carbon dioxide from the blood
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C.
To supply blood to the heart
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D.
To regulate blood pressure
Solution
The primary function of the pulmonary circulation is to remove carbon dioxide from the blood and oxygenate it in the lungs.
Correct Answer:
B
— To remove carbon dioxide from the blood
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Q. What is the role of the pericardium?
-
A.
To provide electrical insulation
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B.
To protect the heart and anchor it within the thorax
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C.
To facilitate blood flow
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D.
To produce heart sounds
Solution
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that protects the heart and anchors it within the thorax.
Correct Answer:
B
— To protect the heart and anchor it within the thorax
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Q. What structure separates the left and right ventricles of the heart?
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A.
Interventricular septum
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B.
Atrioventricular valve
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C.
Pulmonary valve
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D.
Aorta
Solution
The interventricular septum is the muscular wall that separates the left and right ventricles.
Correct Answer:
A
— Interventricular septum
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Q. Which artery supplies blood to the heart muscle itself?
-
A.
Coronary artery
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B.
Pulmonary artery
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C.
Aorta
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D.
Subclavian artery
Solution
The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle itself, ensuring it receives oxygen and nutrients.
Correct Answer:
A
— Coronary artery
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Q. Which structure carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
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A.
Pulmonary veins
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B.
Pulmonary arteries
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C.
Aorta
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D.
Superior vena cava
Solution
The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Correct Answer:
A
— Pulmonary veins
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Q. Which valve prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle?
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A.
Tricuspid valve
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B.
Pulmonary valve
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C.
Mitral valve
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D.
Aortic valve
Solution
The aortic valve prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.
Correct Answer:
D
— Aortic valve
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