Q. What is the primary function of the gene R gene in plants?
-
A.
To promote flowering
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B.
To confer disease resistance
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C.
To enhance photosynthesis
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D.
To increase root growth
Solution
R genes are known to confer resistance to specific pathogens in plants.
Correct Answer:
B
— To confer disease resistance
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Q. What is the primary purpose of using molecular markers in plant breeding?
-
A.
To increase yield
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B.
To identify genetic diversity
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C.
To track inheritance of traits
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D.
To enhance flavor
Solution
Molecular markers are used to track the inheritance of specific traits in breeding programs.
Correct Answer:
C
— To track inheritance of traits
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Q. What is the role of the gene promoter in plant genetics?
-
A.
To encode proteins
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B.
To regulate gene expression
-
C.
To facilitate DNA replication
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D.
To repair DNA damage
Solution
Promoters are sequences that regulate the expression of genes by providing a binding site for RNA polymerase.
Correct Answer:
B
— To regulate gene expression
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Q. What is the role of transposable elements in plant genomes?
-
A.
To stabilize the genome
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B.
To facilitate gene expression
-
C.
To promote genetic diversity
-
D.
To repair DNA
Solution
Transposable elements can move within the genome, contributing to genetic diversity.
Correct Answer:
C
— To promote genetic diversity
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Q. What is the significance of the CRISPR-Cas9 technology in plant genetics?
-
A.
It allows for the cloning of plants
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B.
It enables precise gene editing
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C.
It increases plant growth rate
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D.
It enhances photosynthetic efficiency
Solution
CRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary tool that allows for precise editing of plant genomes.
Correct Answer:
B
— It enables precise gene editing
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Q. Which of the following is a common method for plant genetic transformation?
-
A.
Microinjection
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B.
Electroporation
-
C.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
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D.
All of the above
Solution
All of the listed methods are used for transforming plant cells genetically.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. Which of the following is a key benefit of genetically modified crops?
-
A.
Increased pesticide use
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B.
Higher crop yields
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C.
Reduced nutritional value
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D.
Longer growing seasons
Solution
Genetically modified crops are often engineered to achieve higher yields and better resistance to pests.
Correct Answer:
B
— Higher crop yields
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Q. Which of the following is a method of creating genetically modified plants?
-
A.
Selective breeding
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B.
Hybridization
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C.
Gene cloning
-
D.
All of the above
Solution
Gene cloning is a method used to create genetically modified plants by introducing specific genes.
Correct Answer:
C
— Gene cloning
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Q. Which of the following traits is often targeted for improvement through plant breeding?
-
A.
Disease resistance
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B.
Nutritional content
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C.
Drought tolerance
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D.
All of the above
Solution
Plant breeding often targets multiple traits, including disease resistance, nutritional content, and drought tolerance.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. Which plant hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of gene expression during stress responses?
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A.
Auxin
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B.
Gibberellin
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C.
Abscisic acid
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D.
Cytokinin
Solution
Abscisic acid plays a crucial role in plant stress responses, including drought and salinity.
Correct Answer:
C
— Abscisic acid
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