Q. What is the first step of protein synthesis?
-
A.
Translation
-
B.
Transcription
-
C.
Post-translational modification
-
D.
Amino acid activation
Solution
Transcription is the first step of protein synthesis, where mRNA is synthesized from DNA.
Correct Answer:
B
— Transcription
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Q. What is the primary function of mRNA in protein synthesis?
-
A.
To transport amino acids
-
B.
To carry genetic information from DNA
-
C.
To form the ribosome structure
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D.
To catalyze peptide bond formation
Solution
mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
Correct Answer:
B
— To carry genetic information from DNA
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Q. What role do ribosomes play in protein synthesis?
-
A.
They synthesize mRNA
-
B.
They provide the site for translation
-
C.
They replicate DNA
-
D.
They splice introns from pre-mRNA
Solution
Ribosomes provide the site for translation, where proteins are synthesized.
Correct Answer:
B
— They provide the site for translation
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Q. Which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?
-
A.
mRNA
-
B.
tRNA
-
C.
rRNA
-
D.
DNA
Solution
tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation.
Correct Answer:
B
— tRNA
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Q. Which of the following best describes the genetic code?
-
A.
It is universal and unambiguous
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B.
It is variable among species
-
C.
It consists of 4 bases
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D.
It is only found in eukaryotes
Solution
The genetic code is universal and unambiguous, meaning it is the same across most organisms.
Correct Answer:
A
— It is universal and unambiguous
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Q. Which of the following is NOT a component of the ribosome?
-
A.
rRNA
-
B.
tRNA
-
C.
Proteins
-
D.
mRNA
Solution
mRNA is not a component of the ribosome; it is the template for translation.
Correct Answer:
D
— mRNA
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Q. Which process involves the decoding of mRNA to synthesize proteins?
-
A.
Transcription
-
B.
Translation
-
C.
Replication
-
D.
Splicing
Solution
Translation is the process where ribosomes decode mRNA to synthesize proteins.
Correct Answer:
B
— Translation
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Q. Which type of RNA is involved in the splicing of pre-mRNA?
-
A.
mRNA
-
B.
tRNA
-
C.
rRNA
-
D.
snRNA
Solution
snRNA (small nuclear RNA) is involved in the splicing of pre-mRNA.
Correct Answer:
D
— snRNA
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