Aquatic microbes, especially certain bacteria, contribute to nutrient cycling through nitrogen fixation, converting atmospheric nitrogen into forms usable by other organisms.

Microbes, particularly phytoplankton, play a crucial role in producing oxygen through photosynthesis in aquatic environments.

Most aquatic microbes, especially phytoplankton, utilize sunlight as their primary source of energy through photosynthesis.

Viruses play a crucial role in regulating bacterial populations in aquatic ecosystems, influencing nutrient cycling and community dynamics.

The relationship between corals and zooxanthellae (a type of algae) is a mutualistic symbiosis, where both organisms benefit.

Fungi play a significant role in the decomposition of organic matter in aquatic environments, breaking down complex materials.

Certain harmful algal blooms caused by aquatic microbes can lead to oxygen depletion in water bodies, negatively impacting aquatic life.

All of the listed factors—water temperature, salinity, and nutrient availability—significantly influence microbial diversity in aquatic environments.

Bacteria are the most abundant and diverse microbes found in freshwater ecosystems, playing essential roles in nutrient cycling.