Q. What is the first-line treatment for active tuberculosis?
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A.
Amoxicillin
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B.
Isoniazid
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C.
Ciprofloxacin
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D.
Vancomycin
Solution
Isoniazid is one of the first-line medications used to treat active tuberculosis.
Correct Answer:
B
— Isoniazid
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Q. What is the main mode of transmission for Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
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A.
Fecal-oral route
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B.
Airborne droplets
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C.
Direct contact
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D.
Vector-borne
Solution
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is primarily transmitted through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
Correct Answer:
B
— Airborne droplets
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Q. What is the primary disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
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A.
Pneumonia
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B.
Tuberculosis
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C.
Leprosy
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D.
Lung cancer
Solution
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs.
Correct Answer:
B
— Tuberculosis
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Q. What is the primary laboratory method used to identify Mycobacterium species?
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A.
Culture on blood agar
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B.
Acid-fast bacilli staining
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C.
PCR testing
-
D.
Serological testing
Solution
Acid-fast bacilli staining is a primary laboratory method used to identify Mycobacterium species.
Correct Answer:
B
— Acid-fast bacilli staining
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Q. What type of immune response is primarily involved in fighting Mycobacterium infections?
-
A.
Humoral immunity
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B.
Cell-mediated immunity
-
C.
Innate immunity
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D.
Passive immunity
Solution
Cell-mediated immunity is crucial in controlling Mycobacterium infections, particularly tuberculosis.
Correct Answer:
B
— Cell-mediated immunity
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Q. Which of the following diseases is caused by Mycobacterium leprae?
-
A.
Tuberculosis
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B.
Leprosy
-
C.
AIDS
-
D.
Syphilis
Solution
Mycobacterium leprae is the causative agent of leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease.
Correct Answer:
B
— Leprosy
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Mycobacterium species?
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A.
Gram-positive cocci
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B.
Acid-fast bacilli
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C.
Spore-forming rods
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D.
Non-motile spirilla
Solution
Mycobacterium species are characterized as acid-fast bacilli due to their waxy cell wall.
Correct Answer:
B
— Acid-fast bacilli
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Q. Which of the following is a common side effect of isoniazid?
-
A.
Nausea
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B.
Hearing loss
-
C.
Rash
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D.
Peripheral neuropathy
Solution
Peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of isoniazid, often due to pyridoxine (vitamin B6) deficiency.
Correct Answer:
D
— Peripheral neuropathy
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Q. Which of the following is a risk factor for developing tuberculosis?
-
A.
High protein diet
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B.
Immunosuppression
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C.
Regular exercise
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D.
Low altitude living
Solution
Immunosuppression is a significant risk factor for developing tuberculosis due to reduced immune response.
Correct Answer:
B
— Immunosuppression
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Q. Which test is commonly used to diagnose tuberculosis infection?
-
A.
Complete blood count
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B.
Mantoux tuberculin skin test
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C.
Liver function test
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D.
Urinalysis
Solution
The Mantoux tuberculin skin test is commonly used to diagnose tuberculosis infection.
Correct Answer:
B
— Mantoux tuberculin skin test
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