Q. What effect does increasing substrate concentration have on enzyme activity, up to a certain point?
-
A.
It decreases enzyme activity
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B.
It has no effect
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C.
It increases enzyme activity until saturation
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D.
It permanently denatures the enzyme
Solution
Increasing substrate concentration generally increases enzyme activity until the enzyme becomes saturated and reaches its maximum rate.
Correct Answer:
C
— It increases enzyme activity until saturation
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Q. What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?
-
A.
It becomes more active
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B.
It loses its functional shape
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C.
It increases its substrate affinity
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D.
It becomes a cofactor
Solution
When an enzyme is denatured, it loses its functional three-dimensional shape, rendering it inactive.
Correct Answer:
B
— It loses its functional shape
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Q. What is a cofactor in enzyme reactions?
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A.
A type of substrate
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B.
A non-protein molecule that assists enzyme function
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C.
An inhibitor of enzyme activity
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D.
A product of the enzyme reaction
Solution
A cofactor is a non-protein molecule that assists enzymes in catalyzing reactions, often by stabilizing the enzyme-substrate complex.
Correct Answer:
B
— A non-protein molecule that assists enzyme function
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Q. What is the role of allosteric sites in enzyme regulation?
-
A.
To bind substrates
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B.
To bind inhibitors only
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C.
To bind activators or inhibitors that change enzyme shape
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D.
To increase the temperature of the reaction
Solution
Allosteric sites are regions on enzymes where molecules can bind, causing a change in the enzyme's shape and activity, thus regulating its function.
Correct Answer:
C
— To bind activators or inhibitors that change enzyme shape
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Q. Which factor can affect enzyme activity?
-
A.
Temperature
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B.
pH
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C.
Substrate concentration
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D.
All of the above
Solution
Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature, pH, and substrate concentration, making all of these factors important.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. Which of the following is an example of a competitive inhibitor?
-
A.
A molecule that binds to the active site of an enzyme
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B.
A molecule that binds to an allosteric site
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C.
A product of the reaction that inhibits the enzyme
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D.
A cofactor that enhances enzyme activity
Solution
A competitive inhibitor is a molecule that binds to the active site of an enzyme, competing with the substrate for binding.
Correct Answer:
A
— A molecule that binds to the active site of an enzyme
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