Q. How can ADO.NET handle concurrency when working with XML data?
-
A.
By using optimistic concurrency control
-
B.
By locking the XML file during access
-
C.
By using a transaction log
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D.
By serializing all access to the XML data
Solution
ADO.NET can handle concurrency using optimistic concurrency control, which allows multiple users to access the data without locking it.
Correct Answer:
A
— By using optimistic concurrency control
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Q. In a client-server architecture, what is the role of the client?
-
A.
To manage the database and handle requests
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B.
To send requests to the server and display results
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C.
To store data locally
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D.
To perform data backups
Solution
In a client-server architecture, the client sends requests to the server and displays results.
Correct Answer:
B
— To send requests to the server and display results
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Q. In a client-server architecture, which layer is responsible for the user interface?
-
A.
Database layer
-
B.
Application layer
-
C.
Network layer
-
D.
Storage layer
Solution
In a client-server architecture, the application layer is responsible for the user interface.
Correct Answer:
B
— Application layer
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Q. In a client-server database, what role does the server play?
-
A.
It processes user requests and manages data storage
-
B.
It only stores data without processing requests
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C.
It acts as a client to other servers
-
D.
It is responsible for user interface design
Solution
In a client-server database, the server processes user requests and manages data storage.
Correct Answer:
A
— It processes user requests and manages data storage
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Q. In a client-server database, which component is responsible for processing queries?
-
A.
Client
-
B.
Server
-
C.
Database
-
D.
Network
Solution
In a client-server database, the server is responsible for processing queries.
Correct Answer:
B
— Server
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Q. In a database, what does a 'foreign key' do?
-
A.
Links two tables together
-
B.
Identifies a unique record
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C.
Stores large amounts of data
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D.
Indexes a table for faster access
Solution
A foreign key links two tables together by referencing the primary key of another table.
Correct Answer:
A
— Links two tables together
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Q. In a database, what does ACID stand for?
-
A.
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
-
B.
Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Durability
-
C.
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Data integrity
-
D.
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Distribution
Solution
ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability, which are the key properties of transactions in a database.
Correct Answer:
A
— Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
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Q. In a DBMS architecture, what does the term 'data independence' refer to?
-
A.
The ability to change the data structure without affecting the application
-
B.
The ability to access data from multiple sources
-
C.
The ability to store data in different formats
-
D.
The ability to secure data from unauthorized access
Solution
Data independence refers to the ability to change the data structure without affecting the applications that use the data.
Correct Answer:
A
— The ability to change the data structure without affecting the application
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Q. In a distributed database, what is the purpose of data replication?
-
A.
To ensure data consistency across all nodes
-
B.
To reduce the size of the database
-
C.
To increase the complexity of the system
-
D.
To eliminate the need for backups
Solution
Data replication in a distributed database ensures data consistency across all nodes by maintaining copies of the same data in multiple locations.
Correct Answer:
A
— To ensure data consistency across all nodes
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Q. In a multiuser database environment, what is a deadlock?
-
A.
A situation where two transactions are waiting for each other to release locks
-
B.
A method of data encryption
-
C.
A type of database backup
-
D.
A way to optimize queries
Solution
A deadlock occurs when two transactions are waiting for each other to release locks, preventing both from proceeding.
Correct Answer:
A
— A situation where two transactions are waiting for each other to release locks
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Q. In a multiuser database environment, what is a potential problem that can arise?
-
A.
Data redundancy
-
B.
Data inconsistency
-
C.
Data isolation
-
D.
Data normalization
Solution
Data inconsistency can arise in a multiuser database environment when multiple users update the same data simultaneously.
Correct Answer:
B
— Data inconsistency
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Q. In a multiuser database environment, what is the role of a DBMS?
-
A.
To manage user interfaces
-
B.
To provide data storage and retrieval services
-
C.
To perform data analysis
-
D.
To create reports
Solution
The primary role of a DBMS in a multiuser environment is to manage data storage and retrieval services efficiently.
Correct Answer:
B
— To provide data storage and retrieval services
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Q. In a relational database, what does a foreign key do?
-
A.
Links two tables together
-
B.
Ensures data integrity
-
C.
Acts as a primary key in another table
-
D.
All of the above
Solution
A foreign key links two tables together, ensures data integrity, and can act as a primary key in another table.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. In a relational database, what does a foreign key represent?
-
A.
A unique identifier for a table
-
B.
A reference to a primary key in another table
-
C.
An attribute of an entity
-
D.
A constraint on data types
Solution
A foreign key is a field (or collection of fields) in one table that uniquely identifies a row of another table.
Correct Answer:
B
— A reference to a primary key in another table
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Q. In a relational database, what is a foreign key?
-
A.
A unique identifier for a record
-
B.
A key that links two tables together
-
C.
A key that is not indexed
-
D.
A key used for data encryption
Solution
A foreign key is a field (or collection of fields) in one table that uniquely identifies a row of another table, establishing a link between them.
Correct Answer:
B
— A key that links two tables together
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Q. In a relational database, what is the purpose of a foreign key?
-
A.
To uniquely identify a record
-
B.
To establish a relationship between two tables
-
C.
To enforce data integrity
-
D.
To improve query performance
Solution
A foreign key is used to establish a relationship between two tables, linking records in one table to records in another.
Correct Answer:
B
— To establish a relationship between two tables
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Q. In a star schema, what do the fact tables contain?
-
A.
Dimension attributes
-
B.
Aggregated data
-
C.
Transactional data
-
D.
Metadata
Solution
Fact tables in a star schema contain transactional data that can be analyzed, often including measures and foreign keys to dimension tables.
Correct Answer:
C
— Transactional data
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Q. In a star schema, what do the fact tables represent?
-
A.
Dimensions of the data
-
B.
Aggregated data
-
C.
Transactional data
-
D.
Metadata
Solution
Fact tables in a star schema represent transactional data, containing measurable, quantitative data for analysis.
Correct Answer:
C
— Transactional data
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Q. In a star schema, what type of table is the central fact table surrounded by?
-
A.
Dimension tables
-
B.
Normalization tables
-
C.
Transaction tables
-
D.
Index tables
Solution
In a star schema, the central fact table is surrounded by dimension tables that provide context to the data.
Correct Answer:
A
— Dimension tables
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Q. In a star schema, what type of table is the central fact table?
-
A.
Dimension table
-
B.
Lookup table
-
C.
Aggregate table
-
D.
Fact table
Solution
In a star schema, the central table is the fact table, which contains quantitative data for analysis.
Correct Answer:
D
— Fact table
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Q. In ADO.NET, which class is used to represent a connection to a database?
-
A.
SqlConnection
-
B.
SqlCommand
-
C.
SqlDataAdapter
-
D.
SqlDataReader
Solution
SqlConnection class is used to establish a connection to a SQL Server database in ADO.NET.
Correct Answer:
A
— SqlConnection
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Q. In an Entity-Relationship (ER) model, what does a diamond shape represent?
-
A.
Entity
-
B.
Attribute
-
C.
Relationship
-
D.
Weak entity
Solution
In an ER model, a diamond shape represents a relationship between entities.
Correct Answer:
C
— Relationship
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Q. In an Entity-Relationship (ER) model, what does an entity represent?
-
A.
A relationship between two tables
-
B.
A single piece of data
-
C.
A real-world object or concept
-
D.
A database transaction
Solution
In an ER model, an entity represents a real-world object or concept that can have data stored about it.
Correct Answer:
C
— A real-world object or concept
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Q. In an ER diagram, how is a multi-valued attribute represented?
-
A.
As a rectangle
-
B.
As an oval
-
C.
As a double oval
-
D.
As a diamond
Solution
A multi-valued attribute is represented as a double oval in an ER diagram.
Correct Answer:
C
— As a double oval
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Q. In an ER diagram, how is a primary key typically represented?
-
A.
Underlined text
-
B.
Bold text
-
C.
Italicized text
-
D.
In a different color
Solution
A primary key is typically represented by underlined text in an ER diagram.
Correct Answer:
A
— Underlined text
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Q. In an ER diagram, what does a diamond shape represent?
-
A.
Entity
-
B.
Attribute
-
C.
Relationship
-
D.
Weak entity
Solution
In an ER diagram, a diamond shape represents a relationship between entities.
Correct Answer:
C
— Relationship
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Q. In an ER model, how is a one-to-many relationship typically represented?
-
A.
With a single line connecting two entities
-
B.
With a crow's foot notation
-
C.
With a dashed line
-
D.
With a double line
Solution
A one-to-many relationship is typically represented with a crow's foot notation.
Correct Answer:
B
— With a crow's foot notation
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Q. In an ER model, what does a circle represent?
-
A.
An entity
-
B.
An attribute
-
C.
A relationship
-
D.
A weak entity
Solution
A circle in an ER model represents an attribute of an entity.
Correct Answer:
B
— An attribute
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Q. In an ER model, what does a diamond shape represent?
-
A.
Entity
-
B.
Attribute
-
C.
Relationship
-
D.
Weak Entity
Solution
In an ER model, a diamond shape represents a relationship between entities.
Correct Answer:
C
— Relationship
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Q. In an ER model, what does a solid line between two entities indicate?
-
A.
A weak relationship
-
B.
A strong relationship
-
C.
A one-to-many relationship
-
D.
A many-to-many relationship
Solution
A solid line between two entities indicates a strong relationship in an ER model.
Correct Answer:
B
— A strong relationship
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