Q. In STP, what is the purpose of the port states?
-
A.
To define the speed of the port
-
B.
To determine the role of the port in the topology
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C.
To manage IP address assignments
-
D.
To encrypt data on the port
Solution
Port states in STP (Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding) determine the role of the port in the network topology.
Correct Answer:
B
— To determine the role of the port in the topology
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Q. In STP, what is the significance of the Bridge ID?
-
A.
It uniquely identifies a switch in the network
-
B.
It determines the speed of the connection
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C.
It manages VLAN assignments
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D.
It encrypts the data packets
Solution
The Bridge ID uniquely identifies a switch in the network and is used in the STP calculations.
Correct Answer:
A
— It uniquely identifies a switch in the network
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Q. In STP, which device is elected as the root bridge?
-
A.
The device with the highest MAC address
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B.
The device with the lowest MAC address
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C.
The device with the highest bandwidth
-
D.
The device with the lowest bridge ID
Solution
The root bridge is elected based on the lowest bridge ID, which is a combination of bridge priority and MAC address.
Correct Answer:
D
— The device with the lowest bridge ID
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Q. What algorithm does the Spanning Tree Protocol use to determine the best path?
-
A.
Dijkstra's Algorithm
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B.
Bellman-Ford Algorithm
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C.
Spanning Tree Algorithm
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D.
Flooding Algorithm
Solution
STP uses the Spanning Tree Algorithm to determine the best path and eliminate loops.
Correct Answer:
C
— Spanning Tree Algorithm
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Q. What happens to ports in a switch that are in a blocking state in STP?
-
A.
They forward traffic
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B.
They drop traffic
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C.
They listen for BPDUs
-
D.
They become active
Solution
Ports in a blocking state do not forward traffic; they drop it to prevent loops.
Correct Answer:
B
— They drop traffic
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Q. What happens to redundant links in a network using Spanning Tree Protocol?
-
A.
They are utilized for load balancing
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B.
They are blocked to prevent loops
-
C.
They are automatically configured
-
D.
They are converted to trunk links
Solution
Redundant links are blocked in STP to prevent loops while still allowing for failover if the active link fails.
Correct Answer:
B
— They are blocked to prevent loops
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Q. What happens when a link in a network using STP fails?
-
A.
The network crashes
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B.
STP recalculates the topology
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C.
All devices are reset
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D.
Traffic is rerouted immediately without delay
Solution
When a link fails, STP recalculates the topology to find an alternate path and maintain a loop-free network.
Correct Answer:
B
— STP recalculates the topology
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Q. What is the default bridge priority value in Spanning Tree Protocol?
-
A.
0
-
B.
32768
-
C.
65535
-
D.
4096
Solution
The default bridge priority value in STP is 32768, which is used in the election of the Root Bridge.
Correct Answer:
B
— 32768
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Q. What is the default bridge priority value in STP?
-
A.
0
-
B.
32768
-
C.
65535
-
D.
4096
Solution
The default bridge priority value in STP is 32768, which is used to determine the root bridge.
Correct Answer:
B
— 32768
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Q. What is the effect of enabling PortFast on a switch port in STP?
-
A.
The port will never participate in STP
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B.
The port transitions to the forwarding state immediately
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C.
The port will block all traffic
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D.
The port will only allow management traffic
Solution
Enabling PortFast allows a switch port to transition to the forwarding state immediately, bypassing the listening and learning states.
Correct Answer:
B
— The port transitions to the forwarding state immediately
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Q. What is the primary purpose of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)?
-
A.
To prevent loops in a network
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B.
To increase bandwidth
-
C.
To provide encryption
-
D.
To manage IP addresses
Solution
STP is designed to prevent loops in a network by creating a loop-free logical topology.
Correct Answer:
A
— To prevent loops in a network
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Q. What is the purpose of Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) in STP?
-
A.
To carry user data
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B.
To share information about the network topology
-
C.
To manage IP addresses
-
D.
To encrypt data
Solution
BPDUs are used to share information about the network topology and help in the election of the Root Bridge.
Correct Answer:
B
— To share information about the network topology
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Q. What is the role of the Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) in STP?
-
A.
To carry user data
-
B.
To manage routing tables
-
C.
To share information about the network topology
-
D.
To encrypt data
Solution
BPDUs are used by STP to share information about the network topology and help in loop prevention.
Correct Answer:
C
— To share information about the network topology
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Q. What is the role of the Root Bridge in Spanning Tree Protocol?
-
A.
To forward all traffic
-
B.
To act as a reference point for path selection
-
C.
To block all ports
-
D.
To manage IP address assignments
Solution
The Root Bridge serves as a reference point for all path calculations in the STP topology.
Correct Answer:
B
— To act as a reference point for path selection
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Q. What state does a port enter when it is actively forwarding traffic in STP?
-
A.
Listening
-
B.
Learning
-
C.
Forwarding
-
D.
Blocking
Solution
A port in the Forwarding state actively forwards traffic to and from the network.
Correct Answer:
C
— Forwarding
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Q. Which layer of the OSI model does the Spanning Tree Protocol operate at?
-
A.
Data Link Layer
-
B.
Network Layer
-
C.
Transport Layer
-
D.
Application Layer
Solution
STP operates at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model.
Correct Answer:
A
— Data Link Layer
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Q. Which of the following is a common variant of the Spanning Tree Protocol?
-
A.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
-
B.
Enhanced Spanning Tree Protocol (ESTP)
-
C.
Dynamic Spanning Tree Protocol (DSTP)
-
D.
Static Spanning Tree Protocol (SSTP)
Solution
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) is a common variant that provides faster convergence than STP.
Correct Answer:
A
— Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
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Q. Which protocol is commonly used to manage the Spanning Tree Protocol?
-
A.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
-
B.
Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)
-
C.
Virtual LAN (VLAN)
-
D.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Solution
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) is an evolution of STP that provides faster convergence.
Correct Answer:
A
— Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
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Q. Which protocol is used to elect the Root Bridge in STP?
-
A.
Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU)
-
B.
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
-
C.
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
-
D.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Solution
BPDU is used in STP to communicate information about bridge IDs and to elect the Root Bridge.
Correct Answer:
A
— Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU)
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Q. Which version of Spanning Tree Protocol is an improvement over the original IEEE 802.1D?
-
A.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
-
B.
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)
-
C.
Per VLAN Spanning Tree (PVST)
-
D.
Enhanced Spanning Tree Protocol (ESTP)
Solution
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) is an improvement over the original IEEE 802.1D, providing faster convergence.
Correct Answer:
A
— Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
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