Floating of heavy objects is not related to surface tension; it is related to buoyancy. The other phenomena are directly influenced by surface tension.

Capillary action is primarily due to surface tension, as it allows liquids to rise in narrow tubes against gravity.

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to a change in its speed.

The blue color of the sky is primarily due to Rayleigh scattering, which scatters shorter wavelengths of light more than longer wavelengths.

The formation of a rainbow is primarily due to the refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets.

Existentialism focuses on individual experience and the subjective interpretation of existence and truth.

The essence of the author's argument is that innovation drives progress, as emphasized throughout the passage.

The phrase 'A necessary change for a better future' encapsulates the passage's message about the need for progress.

The complete idiom is 'To err is human, to forgive is divine.'

A 'team player' is someone who collaborates well with others.

The phrase 'the main point' accurately captures the essence of 'the crux of the matter'.

Industrial expansion contradicts the theme of environmental conservation, while the others promote it.

A stitch in time saves nine is about timely action, while the others focus on the value of actions or habits.

Individual effort is paramount contradicts the theme of teamwork, which emphasizes collaboration.

He was unprepared contradicts the positive outcomes suggested by the other phrases.

The benefits of a healthy diet do not connect with the theme of education and learning.

The phrase 'a cycle of disadvantage' reflects the ongoing nature of systemic inequality discussed in the passage.

The phrase 'On the contrary,' signals a shift in the author's argument, introducing a contrasting viewpoint.

The phrase 'We must strive for equity' indicates a call to action, urging readers to take steps towards addressing inequalities.

Industrial expansion often leads to increased resource consumption and environmental degradation, making it the least related to sustainability.

Isolation and solitude are contrary to the theme of friendship, which is built on connection and companionship.

'To beat the clock' means to be on time.

'Bite the bullet' means to take a risk or face a difficult situation.

'Cut to the chase' means to get to the point or make a decision quickly.

Sit down means to take a seat.

'Beat around the bush' means to avoid discussing a topic directly.

'Let the cat out of the bag' means to accidentally reveal a secret.

The Chola dynasty is noted for its extensive development of irrigation canals which significantly enhanced agricultural productivity.

Pteridophytes, like ferns, exhibit an alternation of generations with both gametophyte and sporophyte stages.

All of the mentioned groups (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and Pteridophytes) exhibit alternation of generations in their life cycles.