2-pentene can exist in cis and trans forms due to the presence of a double bond.

Heating a metal rod is an example of conduction, where heat is transferred through direct contact between particles.

Boiling water in a pot is a classic example of convection, where hot water rises and cooler water descends.

Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits, as seen in whales and fish, which both have streamlined bodies for swimming.

Darwin's finches are an example of divergent evolution, where different species evolved from a common ancestor and adapted to different environments.

Aquariums are an example of ex-situ conservation as they involve the conservation of species outside their natural habitats.

Figural memory involves the ability to recognize and recall visual images, such as faces.

Heat transfer in a pot of boiling water is an example of forced convection.

Starfish can reproduce through fragmentation, where a part of the organism breaks off and develops into a new individual.

Sunlight warming the Earth is an example of heat transfer by radiation, as it does not require a medium.

Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit, such as bees pollinating flowers.

Linux is an example of open-source software, which means its source code is available for anyone to use and modify.

Lactic acid has a chiral center and can exist as two enantiomers, thus exhibiting optical isomerism.

Physisorption involves weak van der Waals forces, and the adsorption of oxygen on activated charcoal is a classic example.

Physisorption involves weak Van der Waals forces, and the adsorption of water on silica gel is a classic example of this type of adsorption.

Pollination in flowering plants is a key process in sexual reproduction, involving the transfer of pollen to fertilize ovules.

1-bromopropane and 2-bromopropane differ in the position of the bromine atom, showing structural isomerism.

Sublimation is the process where a solid turns directly into a gas, as seen with dry ice (solid CO2).

Windows is an example of system software, while the others are application software.

Keto-enol tautomerism is a classic example of tautomeric isomerism.

A balloon inflating when heated is an example of thermal expansion, as the gas inside expands with increased temperature.

Volume is an extensive property, as it depends on the amount of substance present.

An identity matrix is a square matrix with ones on the diagonal and zeros elsewhere. The matrix [[1, 0], [0, 1]] fits this definition.

All the given options are trigonometric identities.

A keyboard is an input device used to enter data into a computer.

√4 = 2, 0.25 = 1/4, and 1 is rational. √2 is irrational.

Linux is an operating system, while the others are applications.

A monitor is an output device that displays information from the computer.

Binary fission in amoeba is a form of asexual reproduction where a single organism divides into two.

The Pritzker Prize is awarded annually to honor a living architect for their significant contributions to humanity and the built environment.