Escape velocity v = √(2gR) = √(2 * 9.8 * 6.4 × 10^6) ≈ 11.2 km/s.

In a dihybrid cross, the expected genotypic ratio in the F2 generation is 9:3:3:1.

The major product of the elimination reaction of 2-bromobutane is But-2-ene due to the formation of the more stable alkene.

The reaction of 1-chlorobutane with zinc in dry ether leads to the formation of Butane via Wurtz reaction.

The expected product is Butanol due to nucleophilic substitution with hydroxide ion.

The expected ratio of phenotypes in a cross between two purebred parents with contrasting traits is 1:1 in the F1 generation when they are crossed with each other.

Faraday's constant is approximately 96485 C/mol.

Faraday's constant is approximately 96485 C/mol.

The pistil is the female reproductive part of the flower, consisting of the ovary, style, and stigma.

Using M1V1 = M2V2, (1 M)(0.1 L) = M2(0.5 L). M2 = 0.2 M.

Using the principle of conservation of energy, the heat lost by water equals the heat gained by ice. Solving gives a final temperature of 20°C.

Using heat balance: m_ice * L_f + m_water * c * (T_final - 80) = 0. Solving gives T_final = 20°C.

Using the dilution formula C1V1 = C2V2, we have 3 M * 100 mL = 1 M * V2. Thus, V2 = 300 mL.

Using the mirror formula, 1/f = 1/v + 1/u; here, v = -10 cm (real image) and u = -30 cm (object distance). Thus, 1/f = 1/(-10) + 1/(-30) = -1/6, so f = 5 cm.

Using the mirror formula, 1/f = 1/v + 1/u. Here, v = -15 cm (real image) and u = -30 cm (object distance). Thus, 1/f = 1/(-15) + 1/(-30) = -1/10, so f = -10 cm.

Using the mirror formula, 1/f = 1/v + 1/u. Here, v = -15 cm (image distance is negative for concave mirror) and u = -30 cm. Therefore, 1/f = 1/(-15) + 1/(-30) = -1/10. Thus, f = 10 cm.

Using Coulomb's law, F = k * |q1 * q2| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * (2 × 10^-6) * (3 × 10^-6) / (0.5)^2 = 0.24 N.

Using Coulomb's law, F = k * |q1 * q2| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * |2 × 10^-6 * -3 × 10^-6| / (0.5)^2 = -24 N.

The force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field is given by F = BIL sin(θ), where θ is the angle between the conductor and the magnetic field.

Using the formula F = BIL sin(θ), F = 0.3 * 2 * 5 * sin(30°) = 1.5 N.

The force on a charge moving in a magnetic field is maximum when the angle θ between the velocity vector and the magnetic field is 90°, as sin(90°) = 1.

The force on a charge moving in a magnetic field is given by F = qvB sin(θ), where q is the charge, v is the velocity, B is the magnetic field strength, and θ is the angle between the velocity and the magnetic field.

Absolute error is calculated as the difference between the measured value and the true value.

The average power (P) in an AC circuit is given by P = VI cos(φ), where φ is the phase difference between voltage and current.

The density of a crystalline solid is calculated using the formula Density = mass/volume.

The formula for gravitational force is F = G(m1m2)/r², where G is the gravitational constant.

The formula for calculating the heat energy required to change the temperature of a substance is Q = mcΔT, where m is mass, c is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

The formula for calculating heat transfer due to conduction is Q = kA(T1-T2)/d, where k is the thermal conductivity, A is the area, and d is the thickness.

The formula for calculating the heat transfer in a substance is Q = mcΔT, where Q is the heat added, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

The impedance (Z) in an RLC series circuit is calculated using the formula Z = √(R^2 + X^2), where X is the total reactance.