FTP is commonly affected by NAT because it relies on IP address information for establishing connections.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is used to dynamically assign IP addresses to devices within a subnet.

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is commonly used for routing between different autonomous systems in IP networks.

HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is used for secure data transmission over the Internet.

SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is commonly used in conjunction with NAT for establishing connections, especially in VoIP applications.

NAT works with the Internet Protocol (IP) to facilitate communication between private and public networks by translating IP addresses.

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) is an evolution of STP that provides faster convergence.

VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is used to manage VLAN configurations across multiple switches in a network.

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is the primary protocol used for routing between different autonomous systems in Wide Area Networks.

DHCPv6 is the protocol used for the automatic configuration of IPv6 addresses, allowing devices to obtain their IP configuration from a DHCP server.

IEEE 802.11 is the set of protocols used for wireless communication in local area networks, commonly known as Wi-Fi.

WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) is the most commonly used protocol for securing wireless networks, providing strong encryption and authentication.

IP (Internet Protocol) is used for routing in the TCP/IP model, directing packets to their destination.

SSH (Secure Shell) is used for secure remote access to network devices, providing encrypted communication.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending email over the Internet.

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used for sending error messages and operational information in TCP/IP.

DHCPv6 is the protocol used for the automatic configuration of IPv6 addresses, similar to DHCP for IPv4.

BPDU is used in STP to communicate information about bridge IDs and to elect the Root Bridge.

SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) is used to securely transfer files over the Internet.

OSPF uses the Dijkstra algorithm, also known as the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm, to calculate the shortest path to each node in the network.

A repeater is used to extend the range of a wireless network by receiving and retransmitting the wireless signal.

Fiber optic cable is most commonly used for high-speed internet connections due to its high bandwidth and low attenuation.

A Man-in-the-Middle attack involves intercepting and altering communications between two parties without their knowledge.

Port Address Translation (PAT), also known as NAT overload, allows multiple devices on a local network to be mapped to a single public IP address by using different port numbers.

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) is an improvement over the original IEEE 802.1D, providing faster convergence.

Bluetooth is a wireless technology designed for short-range communication between devices, typically within a range of about 10 meters.

802.11n uses MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology to improve performance by using multiple antennas for transmission and reception.